Prevention of LPS-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice by Bavachin and Its Potential Mechanisms
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animal Model
2.2. Renal Histological Assessment and Immunostaining
2.3. Biochemical Analyses in Blood
2.4. Cell Culture
2.5. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Measurement
2.6. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR)
2.7. Western Blotting
2.8. Transient Transfection
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Bavachin Restores Histological Changes and Kidney Function in LPS-Induced AKI Mice
3.2. Bavachin Decreases the Expression of Tubular Injury Markers in LPS-Induced AKI Mice and LPS-Treated HK-2 Cells
3.3. Bavachin Decreases ROS Production in LPS-Induced AKI Mice and LPS-Treated HK-2 Cells
3.4. Bavachin Decreases PKCβ Activation and NOX4 Expression in LPS-Induced AKI Mice and LPS-Treated HK-2 Cells
3.5. Bavachin Decreases the Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines by Downregulating the MAPK/NF-κB Pathway in LPS-Induced AKI Mice and LPS-Treated HK-2 Cells
3.6. Bavachin Decreases NF-κB Signaling via Down-Regulation of KLF5 in LPS-Induced AKI Mice and LPS-Treated HK-2 Cells
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene | Accession Number | Primer Sequence |
---|---|---|
hCyclophilin | NM_000942 | Forward: TGCCATCGCCAAGGAGTAG |
Reverse: TGCACAGACGGTCACTCAAA | ||
h18s RNA | M10098 | Forward: GCCGCTAGAGGTGAAATTCTTG |
Reverse: CATTCTTGGCAAATGCTTTCG | ||
hKLF5 | NM_001730 | Forward: CTTCCACAACAGGCCACTTACTT |
Reverse: TCTGGAGCATCTCTGCTTGTC | ||
hHavcr1(KIM-1) | NM_012206.3 | Forward: CTTCACCTCAGCCAGCAGAAAC |
Reverse: GCCATCTGAAGACTCTGTCACG | ||
hLcn2(NGAL) | NM_005564.5 | Forward: TTTTGTTCCAGGTTGCCAGC |
Reverse: CTCACCACTCGGACGAGGTA | ||
hNOX4 | NM_001143836.3 | Forward: TGTGCCGAACACTCTTGGC |
Reverse: ACATGCACGCCTGAGAAAATA | ||
hIL-1β | NM_000576.2 | Forward: GCTGCTCTGGGATTCTCTTCA |
Reverse: TGGCGAGCTCAGGTACTTCTG | ||
hIL-6 | NM_000600.4 | Forward: GTACATCCTCGACGGCATCTC |
Reverse: GTGCCTCTTTGCTGCTTTCAC | ||
hTNF-α | NM_000594.3 | Forward: GAGATCAATCGGCCCGACTA |
Reverse: ACAGGGCAATGATCCCAAAG | ||
mCyclophilin | NM_011149 | Forward: TGGAGAGCACCAAGACAGACA |
Reverse: TGCCGGAGTCGACAATGAT | ||
mKLF5 | NM_009769 | Forward: CACCCCACCTCCGTCCTAT |
Reverse: GGGTTGTGAATCGCCAGTTT | ||
mLcn2(NGAL) | NM_008491.1 | Forward: GGCAGCTTTACGATGTACAGCA |
Reverse: TCTGATCCAGTAGCGACAGCC | ||
mHavcr1(KIM-1) | NM_134248.2 | Forward: GCATCTCTAAGCGTGGTTGC |
Reverse: TCAGCTCGGGAATGCACAA | ||
mIl-1β | NM_008361 | Forward: CTACAGGCTCCGAGATGAACAAC |
Reverse: TCCATTGAGGTGGAGAGCTTTC | ||
mIl-6 | NM_031168.2 | Forward: TCCATCCAGTTGCCTTCT |
Reverse: GGAGTGGTATCCTCTGTGAA | ||
mTNF-α | NM_013693.3 | Forward: CCAACGGCATGGATCTCAAAGACA |
Reverse: AGATAGCAAATCGGCTGACGGTGT |
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Ban, K.-Y.; Nam, G.-Y.; Kim, D.; Oh, Y.S.; Jun, H.-S. Prevention of LPS-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice by Bavachin and Its Potential Mechanisms. Antioxidants 2022, 11, 2096. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11112096
Ban K-Y, Nam G-Y, Kim D, Oh YS, Jun H-S. Prevention of LPS-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice by Bavachin and Its Potential Mechanisms. Antioxidants. 2022; 11(11):2096. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11112096
Chicago/Turabian StyleBan, Ka-Yun, Ga-Young Nam, Donghee Kim, Yoon Sin Oh, and Hee-Sook Jun. 2022. "Prevention of LPS-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice by Bavachin and Its Potential Mechanisms" Antioxidants 11, no. 11: 2096. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11112096