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Volume 13
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10.3390/brainsci13020211
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Article

Wider and Stronger Inhibitory Ring of the Attentional Focus in Schizophrenia

by
Luca Ronconi
1,2,*,
Vincenzo Florio
3,
Silvia Bronzoni
3,
Beatrice Salvetti
3,
Agnese Raponi
3,
Giancarlo Giupponi
3,
Andreas Conca
3 and
Demis Basso
4,5
1
School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
2
Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
3
Psychiatric Service of the Health District of Bozen, 39100 Bozen, Italy
4
CESLab, Faculty of Education, Free University of Bozen, 39042 Brixen, Italy
5
Centro de Investigación en Neuropsicologia y Neurociencias Cognitivas (CINPSI Neurocog), Universidad Católica del Maule, Av. San Miguel, Talca 3480094, Chile
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Brain Sci. 2023, 13(2), 211; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020211
Submission received: 15 December 2022 / Revised: 17 January 2023 / Accepted: 24 January 2023 / Published: 27 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Neuropsychiatry)
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Abstract

Anomalies of attentional selection have been repeatedly described in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, a precise analysis of their ability to inhibit irrelevant visual information during attentional selection is not documented. Recent behavioral as well as neurophysiological and computational evidence showed that attentional search among different competing stimuli elicits an area of suppression in the immediate surrounding of the attentional focus. In the present study, the strength and spatial extension of this surround suppression were tested in individuals with schizophrenia and neurotypical controls. Participants were asked to report the orientation of a visual “pop-out” target, which appeared in different positions within a peripheral array of non-target stimuli. In half of the trials, after the target appeared, a probe circle circumscribed a non-target stimulus at various target-to-probe distances; in this case, participants were asked to report the probe orientation instead. Results suggest that, as compared to neurotypical controls, individuals with schizophrenia showed stronger and spatially more extended filtering of visual information in the areas surrounding their attentional focus. This increased filtering of visual information outside the focus of attention might potentially hamper their ability to integrate different elements into coherent percepts and influence higher order behavioral, affective, and cognitive domains.
Keywords: visual attention; Mexican hat; surround suppression; spatial inhibition; psychotic disorders visual attention; Mexican hat; surround suppression; spatial inhibition; psychotic disorders

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ronconi, L.; Florio, V.; Bronzoni, S.; Salvetti, B.; Raponi, A.; Giupponi, G.; Conca, A.; Basso, D. Wider and Stronger Inhibitory Ring of the Attentional Focus in Schizophrenia. Brain Sci. 2023, 13, 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020211

AMA Style

Ronconi L, Florio V, Bronzoni S, Salvetti B, Raponi A, Giupponi G, Conca A, Basso D. Wider and Stronger Inhibitory Ring of the Attentional Focus in Schizophrenia. Brain Sciences. 2023; 13(2):211. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020211

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ronconi, Luca, Vincenzo Florio, Silvia Bronzoni, Beatrice Salvetti, Agnese Raponi, Giancarlo Giupponi, Andreas Conca, and Demis Basso. 2023. "Wider and Stronger Inhibitory Ring of the Attentional Focus in Schizophrenia" Brain Sciences 13, no. 2: 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020211

APA Style

Ronconi, L., Florio, V., Bronzoni, S., Salvetti, B., Raponi, A., Giupponi, G., Conca, A., & Basso, D. (2023). Wider and Stronger Inhibitory Ring of the Attentional Focus in Schizophrenia. Brain Sciences, 13(2), 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020211

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