Low-Frequency Magnetic Scanning Device and Algorithm for Determining the Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Fractions of Moving Metallurgical Raw Materials
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Physical Background of the Method
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Setup and Calculation Principle
2.2. Measurement Method
- (1)
- Calculation of the instantaneous values of the angle of loss as a function of the coordinates along the length of the car.
- (2)
- Calculation of the mass of scrap metal as a function of the integral of the loss angle:
- (3)
- Then, the percentage ratio of the mass of the non-magnetic composition and the ferromagnetic material is calculated:
2.3. Measurement Result Calculation
- (1)
- The signal (voltage and current) from the coil windings is digitized at a 62,500 Hz frequency;
- (2)
- The digitized signal is processed using Fourier transformation; and
- (3)
- The algorithm input is the interval of a signal that equals three whole cycles at the generator’s actual frequency.
3. Results and Discussion
- (1)
- Measurement of integral of dielectric losses envelope curve for ferromagnetic freight of known mass;
- (2)
- Measurement of integral of dielectric losses envelope curve for same freight with addition of known quantity of non-magnetic material (quartz sand); and
- (3)
- Freight container (railcar of known mass) undergoing the same procedure.
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter Name | Value | Unit |
---|---|---|
Range of alternating current in primary winding | 2.00–8.00 ± 0.05 | A |
Range of alternating magnetic field strength | 100–1000 | A/m |
Range of alternating current frequency | 20–100 ± 1 | Hz |
Windings real resistance (Ω) | ||
-magnetizing winding | 1 ± 0.2 | Ω |
-measuring winding | 12.5 ± 2 | Ω |
Estimated value of the measuring coil cross-section area | 43.43 ± 0.01 | m2 |
Reference value of magnetic flux in air | 1.9·10−2 | Wb |
Range of magnetic flux measurement | 1.5 × 10−2–6.0 × 10−2 | Wb |
Dimensions of measuring coil | 7190 × 6040 × 740 | mm |
No. | Manufacturer Railcar No. | Type of Scrap (Figure 4) | Total Mass (t) | Empty Car Weight (t) | Wall Height of Railcar (m) | Non-Magnetic Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 54210059 | 5A | 72.12 | 22.10 | 3.2 | 5.1 |
2 | 96632757 | 3A | 85.46 | 21.85 | 3.5 | 3.8 |
3 | 96631205 | 5A | 82.67 | 23.20 | 3.5 | 7.2 |
4 | 52318037 | 5A | 80.70 | 22.70 | 3.5 | 7.1 |
5 | 54035589 | 5A | 78.15 | 22.20 | 3.2 | 5.8 |
6 | 56171465 | 5A | 81.10 | 23.47 | 3.5 | 8.9 |
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Kochemirovsky, V.A.; Kochemirovskaia, S.V.; Malygin, M.A.; Kuzmin, A.G.; Novomlinsky, M.O.; Fogel, A.A.; Logunov, L.S. Low-Frequency Magnetic Scanning Device and Algorithm for Determining the Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Fractions of Moving Metallurgical Raw Materials. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 2001. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9102001
Kochemirovsky VA, Kochemirovskaia SV, Malygin MA, Kuzmin AG, Novomlinsky MO, Fogel AA, Logunov LS. Low-Frequency Magnetic Scanning Device and Algorithm for Determining the Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Fractions of Moving Metallurgical Raw Materials. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9(10):2001. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9102001
Chicago/Turabian StyleKochemirovsky, Vladimir A., Svetlanav V. Kochemirovskaia, Michael A. Malygin, Alexey G. Kuzmin, Maxim O. Novomlinsky, Alena A. Fogel, and Lev S. Logunov. 2019. "Low-Frequency Magnetic Scanning Device and Algorithm for Determining the Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Fractions of Moving Metallurgical Raw Materials" Applied Sciences 9, no. 10: 2001. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9102001