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Volume 16
Issue 13
10.3390/app16136387
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Article

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Using Various Reducing Agents

by
Daniela Pricop
1,2,
Mihaela Racuciu
3,*,
Catalina Radu
4,
Gabriel Ababei
5,
Dumitru Daniel Herea
5,
Simona Dunca
6,
Lacramioara Oprica
6,
Mirela Nistor
7,8,
Daniel Timpu
9,
Silvestru-Bogdanel Munteanu
4 and
Dorina Creanga
4,*
1
Atmosphere Optics, Spectroscopy and Laser Laboratory (LOASL), Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
2
Research Center with Integrated Techniques for Atmospheric Aerosol Investigation in Romania, RECENT AIR, Laboratory of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomical Observatory, Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I Blvd., 700506 Iasi, Romania
3
Environmental Sciences and Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 5-7 Dr. I. Ratiu Street, 550012 Sibiu, Romania
4
Physics Faculty, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11 Carol I, 700506 Iasi, Romania
5
National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Blvd., 700050 Iasi, Romania
6
Biology Faculty, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 20A Carol I, 700505 Iasi, Romania
7
Doctoral School of Chemistry, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, 11 Carol I, 700506 Iasi, Romania
8
Nanotechnology Laboratory, TRANSCEND Research Center, Regional Institute of Oncology, General Henri Mathias Berthelot Street, 707023 Iasi, Romania
9
Physical Chemistry of Polymers Laboratory, P. Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Ghica Voda Alley, 70048 Iasi, Romania
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(13), 6387; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16136387 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 15 May 2026 / Revised: 22 June 2026 / Accepted: 23 June 2026 / Published: 25 June 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Chemical and Molecular Sciences)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The experiments aimed at the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with various reducers like plant extracts and glucose and the evaluation of their antimicrobial efficiency versus their nanotoxicity. Precursor silver ions were reduced with extracts of Coffea arabica leaves, Thuja orientalis cones, and Cirsium arvense roots as well as with glucose. The AgNP microstructural properties were analyzed with transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering that highlighted fine granulation (23 to 28 nm) and electrical stability (Zeta potential of −15 to −25 mV) while optical and spectral investigations like dark-field microscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy and FTIR proved specific surface properties. Since cytotoxicity is related to the fate of AgNPs in the environment after their uses, we highlighted the presence of chromosomal alterations in the meristematic tissues of maize roots, such as delayed and expelled chromosomes, chromosome bridges, multi-polar anaphases, C-metaphases and others. Silver nanoparticle use in biomedical applications and antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens was evidenced by the agar diffusion test, which suggested their usefulness in the case of possible antibiotic-resistant microbial strains with available natural ingredients and at low cost.
Keywords: green synthesis; silver nanoparticles; genotoxicity; antioxidant activity; antimicrobial activity; environmental nanotoxicology green synthesis; silver nanoparticles; genotoxicity; antioxidant activity; antimicrobial activity; environmental nanotoxicology

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pricop, D.; Racuciu, M.; Radu, C.; Ababei, G.; Herea, D.D.; Dunca, S.; Oprica, L.; Nistor, M.; Timpu, D.; Munteanu, S.-B.; et al. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Using Various Reducing Agents. Appl. Sci. 2026, 16, 6387. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16136387

AMA Style

Pricop D, Racuciu M, Radu C, Ababei G, Herea DD, Dunca S, Oprica L, Nistor M, Timpu D, Munteanu S-B, et al. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Using Various Reducing Agents. Applied Sciences. 2026; 16(13):6387. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16136387

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pricop, Daniela, Mihaela Racuciu, Catalina Radu, Gabriel Ababei, Dumitru Daniel Herea, Simona Dunca, Lacramioara Oprica, Mirela Nistor, Daniel Timpu, Silvestru-Bogdanel Munteanu, and et al. 2026. "Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Using Various Reducing Agents" Applied Sciences 16, no. 13: 6387. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16136387

APA Style

Pricop, D., Racuciu, M., Radu, C., Ababei, G., Herea, D. D., Dunca, S., Oprica, L., Nistor, M., Timpu, D., Munteanu, S.-B., & Creanga, D. (2026). Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Using Various Reducing Agents. Applied Sciences, 16(13), 6387. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16136387

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