Examination of the Bond Strength of Retrograde Filling in Teeth with Failed Apical Resection After Retreatment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethics Committee Approval
2.2. Preparation of Experimental Teeth
- -
- Root tip development must be completed,
- -
- There should be no defects or signs of resorption at the root,
- -
- The root should not be too long, too short, too wide or too narrow,
- -
- Should not have more than 10 degrees of curvature,
- -
- Must be single-rooted and single-canal,
- -
- Root canal anatomy should not show variation,
- -
- Root canal treatment must not have been applied before,
- -
- No visible cracks or fractures on the root.
2.3. Preparation and Obturation of Root Canals
2.4. Apical Resection Procedure
2.5. Retrograde Cavity Preparation
2.6. Retreatment Procedures
2.7. Sample Preparation and Push-Out Test
2.8. Analysis of Fracture Types
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Bond Strength
3.2. Apical Reach
3.3. Stereomicroscope Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material | Method | Cavities | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TC | U | Total | ||||||||||
n | Mean | SD | n | Mean | SD | n | Mean | SD | ||||
CIS | MC | 10 | 7.58 | 4.64 | 10 | 21.90 | 5.47 | 40 | 14.12 | 9.23 | ||
IUV | 10 | 9.36 | 5.99 | 10 | 17.63 | 11.34 | ||||||
MTA | MC | 8 | 4.35 | 3.68 | 8 | 23.86 | 8.04 | 35 | 15.40 | 11.08 | ||
IUV | 9 | 8.42 | 7.06 | 10 | 23.75 | 7.79 | ||||||
BIO | MC | 9 | 7.63 | 4.77 | 10 | 25.34 | 11.68 | 38 | 17.95 | 11.34 | ||
IUV | 9 | 11.62 | 4.81 | 10 | 25.56 | 8.96 | ||||||
Total | MC | 55 | 15.32 | 11.00 | ||||||||
IUV | 58 | 16.26 | 10.26 | |||||||||
Total | 55 | 8.24 | 5.48 | 58 | 22.98 | 9.18 |
Variances | Sum of Squares | SD | Mean Square | F-Value | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cavity | 6183.874 | 1 | 6183.874 | 108.474 | 0.000 * |
Material | 238.885 | 2 | 119.442 | 2.095 | 0.128 |
Placement | 25.130 | 1 | 25.130 | 0.441 | 0.508 |
Cavity × Material | 191.669 | 2 | 95.834 | 1.681 | 0.191 |
Cavity × Placement | 153.107 | 1 | 153.107 | 2.686 | 0.104 |
Material × Placement | 70.094 | 2 | 35.047 | 0.615 | 0.543 |
Cavity × Material × Placement | 7.182 | 2 | 3.591 | 0.063 | 0.939 |
Material | Placement | Cavity | The Apical Access | p | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | ||||||
n | % | n | % | ||||
CIS | MC | TC | 5 | 50.0 | 5 | 50.0 | 0.350 |
U | 2 | 20.0 | 8 | 80.0 | |||
IUV | TC | 5 | 50.0 | 5 | 50.0 | 0.350 | |
U | 2 | 20.0 | 8 | 80.0 | |||
MTA | MC | TC | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.087 |
U | 6 | 60.0 | 4 | 40.0 | |||
IUV | TC | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.011 * | |
U | 4 | 40.0 | 6 | 60.0 | |||
BIO | MC | TC | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.000 * |
U | 0 | 0.0 | 10 | 100.0 | |||
IUV | TC | 7 | 70.0 | 3 | 30.0 | 0.003 * | |
U | 0 | 0.0 | 10 | 100.0 |
Material | Cavity | Placement | The Apical Access | p | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | ||||||
n | % | n | % | ||||
CIS | TC | MC | 5 | 50.0 | 5 | 50.0 | 1.000 |
IUV | 5 | 50.0 | 5 | 50.0 | |||
U | MC | 2 | 20.0 | 8 | 80.0 | 1.000 | |
IUV | 2 | 20.0 | 8 | 80.0 | |||
MTA | TC | MC | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | - |
IUV | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
U | MC | 6 | 60.0 | 4 | 40.0 | 0.656 | |
IUV | 4 | 40.0 | 6 | 60.0 | |||
BIO | TC | MC | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.211 |
IUV | 7 | 70.0 | 3 | 30.0 | |||
U | MC | 0 | 0.0 | 10 | 100.0 | - | |
IUV | 0 | 0.0 | 10 | 100.0 |
Placement | Method | Material | Apical Access | p | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | ||||||
n | % | n | % | ||||
MC | TC | CIS | 5 | 50.0 | 5 | 50.0 | 0.001 * |
MTA | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
BIO | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
U | CIS | 2 | 20.0 | 8 | 80.0 | 0.003 * | |
MTA | 6 | 60.0 | 4 | 40.0 | |||
BIO | 0 | 0.0 | 10 | 100.0 | |||
IUV | TC | CIS | 5 | 50.0 | 5 | 50.0 | 0.013 * |
MTA | 10 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||
BIO | 7 | 70.0 | 3 | 30.0 | |||
U | CIS | 2 | 20.0 | 8 | 80.0 | 0.038 * | |
MTA | 4 | 40.0 | 6 | 60.0 | |||
BIO | 0 | 0.0 | 10 | 100.0 |
Cavity Methods | Apical Access | n | Mean | SD | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TC | MPa | Yes | 47 | 6.37 | 5.61 | 0.002 * |
No | 13 | 11.82 | 3.92 | |||
U | MPa | Yes | 14 | 16.52 | 11.07 | 0.013 * |
No | 46 | 23.94 | 9.00 |
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Tok, S.; Ayranci, L.B. Examination of the Bond Strength of Retrograde Filling in Teeth with Failed Apical Resection After Retreatment. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 3441. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073441
Tok S, Ayranci LB. Examination of the Bond Strength of Retrograde Filling in Teeth with Failed Apical Resection After Retreatment. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(7):3441. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073441
Chicago/Turabian StyleTok, Sevda, and Leyla Benan Ayranci. 2025. "Examination of the Bond Strength of Retrograde Filling in Teeth with Failed Apical Resection After Retreatment" Applied Sciences 15, no. 7: 3441. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073441
APA StyleTok, S., & Ayranci, L. B. (2025). Examination of the Bond Strength of Retrograde Filling in Teeth with Failed Apical Resection After Retreatment. Applied Sciences, 15(7), 3441. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073441