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Volume 15
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Article

Improving Frequency Control of Multi-Area Interconnected Hydro-Thermal Power System Using PSO Algorithm

by
Dao Huy Tuan
1,
Van Nguyen Ngoc Thanh
1,
Dat Nguyen Chi
1 and
Van Huy Pham
2,*
1
Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
2
Faculty of Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 2898; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15062898
Submission received: 20 January 2025 / Revised: 25 February 2025 / Accepted: 5 March 2025 / Published: 7 March 2025
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This study explores enhanced frequency control solutions for interconnected hydropower systems, focusing on improving stability and performance under varying load conditions.

Abstract

In modern power systems, fluctuations in load present ongoing challenges, making Load frequency control (LFC) an essential part of maintaining system stability and efficiency. This paper explores a method that combines traditional PID control with the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to improve frequency regulation in interconnected hydropower systems. By using PSO, the method fine-tunes the PID controller parameters, enhancing frequency regulation, accelerating stabilization, and ensuring steady power flow across interconnecting lines. The simulation results show that this optimized method outperforms the conventional techniques, offering improved dynamic responses and a more robust performance, even in challenging and variable conditions. This makes it a promising solution for modern power systems, particularly in managing load fluctuations and maintaining frequency stability in interconnected hydropower systems.
Keywords: load frequency control; particle swarm optimization; PID controller; hydropower system stability; interconnected power systems load frequency control; particle swarm optimization; PID controller; hydropower system stability; interconnected power systems

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tuan, D.H.; Nguyen Ngoc Thanh, V.; Nguyen Chi, D.; Pham, V.H. Improving Frequency Control of Multi-Area Interconnected Hydro-Thermal Power System Using PSO Algorithm. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 2898. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15062898

AMA Style

Tuan DH, Nguyen Ngoc Thanh V, Nguyen Chi D, Pham VH. Improving Frequency Control of Multi-Area Interconnected Hydro-Thermal Power System Using PSO Algorithm. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(6):2898. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15062898

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tuan, Dao Huy, Van Nguyen Ngoc Thanh, Dat Nguyen Chi, and Van Huy Pham. 2025. "Improving Frequency Control of Multi-Area Interconnected Hydro-Thermal Power System Using PSO Algorithm" Applied Sciences 15, no. 6: 2898. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15062898

APA Style

Tuan, D. H., Nguyen Ngoc Thanh, V., Nguyen Chi, D., & Pham, V. H. (2025). Improving Frequency Control of Multi-Area Interconnected Hydro-Thermal Power System Using PSO Algorithm. Applied Sciences, 15(6), 2898. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15062898

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