This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Open AccessArticle
Vibration Analysis of Cantilever Beam with Free End Resting on 3D-Printed Spring and Considering the Effect of Accelerometer and Exciter Masses
by
Hassan H. Mahdi
Hassan H. Mahdi
Sami A. Nama
Sami A. Nama 
,
Marwan T. Mezher
Marwan T. Mezher
Tomasz Trzepieciński
Tomasz Trzepieciński
1
Engineering Technical College-Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad 10098, Iraq
2
Departamento de Deseño na Enxeñaría, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
3
Institute of Applied Arts, Middle Technical University, Baghdad 10074, Iraq
4
Department of Manufacturing Processes and Production Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powst. Warszawy 8, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(22), 12344; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152212344 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 15 October 2025
/
Revised: 12 November 2025
/
Accepted: 18 November 2025
/
Published: 20 November 2025
Abstract
A cantilever beam is a mechanical structure fixed at one end and free at the other. It converts the applied external forces into bending and shear force; therefore, it should be designed to resist deflection. The fundamental natural frequency of the cantilever beam depends on its material properties, geometry, and supporting conditions. This work studied the effect of adding an accelerometer and a motor, which represent multiple masses, on the fundamental natural frequency of a cantilever beam. The beam is also supported by a 3D-printed spring at its free end. Three-dimensional-printed springs with different infill percentages (20%, 50%, 80%, and 100%) were used with different infill patterns (concentric, grid, and triangle) to study the effect of these parameters on natural frequency. The results showed that the triangle pattern gives the best results for fundamental natural frequency and resulting force values. In addition to that, the triangle pattern with 80% infill percentage is preferred for printing as compared with 100% infill percentage because it gives better vibration results.
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Mahdi, H.H.; Nama, S.A.; Mezher, M.T.; Trzepieciński, T.
Vibration Analysis of Cantilever Beam with Free End Resting on 3D-Printed Spring and Considering the Effect of Accelerometer and Exciter Masses. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 12344.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app152212344
AMA Style
Mahdi HH, Nama SA, Mezher MT, Trzepieciński T.
Vibration Analysis of Cantilever Beam with Free End Resting on 3D-Printed Spring and Considering the Effect of Accelerometer and Exciter Masses. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(22):12344.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app152212344
Chicago/Turabian Style
Mahdi, Hassan H., Sami A. Nama, Marwan T. Mezher, and Tomasz Trzepieciński.
2025. "Vibration Analysis of Cantilever Beam with Free End Resting on 3D-Printed Spring and Considering the Effect of Accelerometer and Exciter Masses" Applied Sciences 15, no. 22: 12344.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app152212344
APA Style
Mahdi, H. H., Nama, S. A., Mezher, M. T., & Trzepieciński, T.
(2025). Vibration Analysis of Cantilever Beam with Free End Resting on 3D-Printed Spring and Considering the Effect of Accelerometer and Exciter Masses. Applied Sciences, 15(22), 12344.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app152212344
Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details
here.
Article Metrics
Article Access Statistics
For more information on the journal statistics, click
here.
Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view.
