This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Open AccessArticle
GNN-DRL Optimization Scheduling Method for Damaged Equipment Maintenance Tasks
by
Mingjie Jiang
Mingjie Jiang 1,
Tiejun Jiang
Tiejun Jiang 1,*,
Lijun Guo
Lijun Guo 2 and
Shaohua Liu
Shaohua Liu 1,*
1
Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China
2
Unit No. 91976, Guangzhou 510080, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(22), 11914; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152211914 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 22 October 2025
/
Revised: 3 November 2025
/
Accepted: 5 November 2025
/
Published: 9 November 2025
Abstract
Aiming at the problems that traditional heuristic algorithms struggle to capture the complex correlations between damaged equipment and dynamically adjust maintenance task requirements in different task scenarios, the Graph Neural Network (GNN) and Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) optimization scheduling method for damaged equipment maintenance tasks is proposed, the purpose is to enhance the efficiency of optimization scheduling in dynamic scenarios. By constructing an attribute graph of damaged equipment and maintenance units, Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and Graph Attention Network (GAT) are utilized to mine the correlations between nodes. A hierarchical reward function is designed in conjunction with DRL to dynamically adjust the multi-objective weights of maximizing importance, minimizing maintenance time. Hard and soft constraints such as maintenance skill matching, spare parts inventory, and threat thresholds are incorporated into the multi-objective optimization model to achieve real-time scheduling of maintenance tasks in an uncertain task environment. Case studies show that this method can effectively balance multi-objective conflicts through dynamic weight adjustment and online re-optimization mechanisms, making it suitable for multi-constraint task scenarios, compared with the Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO) algorithm. GNN-DRL reduces the number of convergence iterations by 40%, improves the learning efficiency by 40%, and enhances the quality of the optimal solution by 11%, effectively improving the efficiency of maintenance task scheduling for damaged equipment.
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Jiang, M.; Jiang, T.; Guo, L.; Liu, S.
GNN-DRL Optimization Scheduling Method for Damaged Equipment Maintenance Tasks. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 11914.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app152211914
AMA Style
Jiang M, Jiang T, Guo L, Liu S.
GNN-DRL Optimization Scheduling Method for Damaged Equipment Maintenance Tasks. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(22):11914.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app152211914
Chicago/Turabian Style
Jiang, Mingjie, Tiejun Jiang, Lijun Guo, and Shaohua Liu.
2025. "GNN-DRL Optimization Scheduling Method for Damaged Equipment Maintenance Tasks" Applied Sciences 15, no. 22: 11914.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app152211914
APA Style
Jiang, M., Jiang, T., Guo, L., & Liu, S.
(2025). GNN-DRL Optimization Scheduling Method for Damaged Equipment Maintenance Tasks. Applied Sciences, 15(22), 11914.
https://doi.org/10.3390/app152211914
Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details
here.
Article Metrics
Article metric data becomes available approximately 24 hours after publication online.