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Applied Sciences
Volume 15
Issue 19
10.3390/app151910716
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

A Finite-Element Model of Seated Human Body Representing the Distribution of Static Pressures and Dynamic Forces over a Rigid Seat During Vertical Vibration for Sitting Postures with Various Thigh Contact

by
Weitan Yin
1,†,
Shaoqing Liu
2,†,
Jianying Liang
2,
Chi Liu
1,*,
Yi Qiu
1,3,*,
Xu Zheng
1,
Linfeng Sun
2 and
Shan Huang
2
1
College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
2
National Innovation Center of High Speed Train (Qingdao), Qingdao 266000, China
3
School of Vehicles and Intelligent Transportation, Fuyao University of Science and Technology, Fuzhou 350109, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(19), 10716; https://doi.org/10.3390/app151910716 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 19 August 2025 / Revised: 20 September 2025 / Accepted: 2 October 2025 / Published: 4 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technical Advances in Vibration Analysis: Modeling, Simulation and Applications)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Overall sitting comfort is related to both static pressure distribution and dynamic human–seat interaction during vibration. This study proposes a simplified finite-element model of the seated human body that could potentially be used to assess overall sitting comfort. The static pressures of the seated human body measured on a rigid seat with different footrest layouts, together with the overall and localised apparent masses of the human body measured in a previous study, were used for model validation. The proposed model contained homogeneous soft tissues of the buttocks and thighs and rigid bodies connected to represent the torso. The tissue geometry was adjusted to match the measured anthropometry. Viscoelastic material was assigned to the tissues, and the properties were identified by fitting the modelled pressures and apparent masses to the measurement results. The proposed model was capable of reproducing static pressures and dynamic forces over the seat for the three sitting postures.
Keywords: human body model; apparent mass; pressure distribution; sitting comfort human body model; apparent mass; pressure distribution; sitting comfort

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yin, W.; Liu, S.; Liang, J.; Liu, C.; Qiu, Y.; Zheng, X.; Sun, L.; Huang, S. A Finite-Element Model of Seated Human Body Representing the Distribution of Static Pressures and Dynamic Forces over a Rigid Seat During Vertical Vibration for Sitting Postures with Various Thigh Contact. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 10716. https://doi.org/10.3390/app151910716

AMA Style

Yin W, Liu S, Liang J, Liu C, Qiu Y, Zheng X, Sun L, Huang S. A Finite-Element Model of Seated Human Body Representing the Distribution of Static Pressures and Dynamic Forces over a Rigid Seat During Vertical Vibration for Sitting Postures with Various Thigh Contact. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(19):10716. https://doi.org/10.3390/app151910716

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yin, Weitan, Shaoqing Liu, Jianying Liang, Chi Liu, Yi Qiu, Xu Zheng, Linfeng Sun, and Shan Huang. 2025. "A Finite-Element Model of Seated Human Body Representing the Distribution of Static Pressures and Dynamic Forces over a Rigid Seat During Vertical Vibration for Sitting Postures with Various Thigh Contact" Applied Sciences 15, no. 19: 10716. https://doi.org/10.3390/app151910716

APA Style

Yin, W., Liu, S., Liang, J., Liu, C., Qiu, Y., Zheng, X., Sun, L., & Huang, S. (2025). A Finite-Element Model of Seated Human Body Representing the Distribution of Static Pressures and Dynamic Forces over a Rigid Seat During Vertical Vibration for Sitting Postures with Various Thigh Contact. Applied Sciences, 15(19), 10716. https://doi.org/10.3390/app151910716

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