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Article

Eddy Current Distribution in Magnetotherapy of Bones: A Qualitative and Quantitative Study

1
Department of Electrical and Power Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
2
Department of Automation and Robotics, Polytechnic Faculty, University of Applied Sciences in Tarnow, 33-100 Tarnow, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(18), 9892; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15189892 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 1 August 2025 / Revised: 7 September 2025 / Accepted: 8 September 2025 / Published: 9 September 2025

Featured Application

The methodology and results presented in this study serve as a preliminary step toward the development and personalization of magnetotherapy parameters based on the anatomical characteristics of individual patients’ limbs. Additionally, the visualizations of eddy current distributions within the human body may be used as an educational tool to help patients better understand the principles constituting this therapeutic approach.

Abstract

Unlike pharmacological and surgical methods, electrical and especially magnetic stimulation are of interest due to their noninvasiveness and high tolerability by patients. Ensuring the repeatability of procedures and achieving the highest possible homogeneity of the eddy current distribution appears to be crucial, particularly in the context of potential clinical trials. This highlights the qualitative aspect of the therapy. Equally important, however, are the outcomes in terms of eddy current generation and their presentation in a psychological context, particularly in relation to patient communication. Many patients undergoing treatment express a desire to understand how the applicator works, what the procedure does to their body, and what sensations or effects are occurring in their limbs during therapy. On the other hand, quantitative analysis enables the rescaling of the magnetic field induced within the applicator, which in turn allows for determining the appropriate level of induced currents in the limb of a specific patient.
Keywords: magnetotherapy; personalized medicine; healthcare innovation; eddy currents; magnetic field; applicators; solenoidal coil; excitation coil; current density; uncertainty problem; tissue electric conductivity magnetotherapy; personalized medicine; healthcare innovation; eddy currents; magnetic field; applicators; solenoidal coil; excitation coil; current density; uncertainty problem; tissue electric conductivity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Syrek, P.; Skowron, M.; Kapustka, P. Eddy Current Distribution in Magnetotherapy of Bones: A Qualitative and Quantitative Study. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 9892. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15189892

AMA Style

Syrek P, Skowron M, Kapustka P. Eddy Current Distribution in Magnetotherapy of Bones: A Qualitative and Quantitative Study. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(18):9892. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15189892

Chicago/Turabian Style

Syrek, Przemyslaw, Mikolaj Skowron, and Piotr Kapustka. 2025. "Eddy Current Distribution in Magnetotherapy of Bones: A Qualitative and Quantitative Study" Applied Sciences 15, no. 18: 9892. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15189892

APA Style

Syrek, P., Skowron, M., & Kapustka, P. (2025). Eddy Current Distribution in Magnetotherapy of Bones: A Qualitative and Quantitative Study. Applied Sciences, 15(18), 9892. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15189892

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