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Applied Sciences
Volume 15
Issue 16
10.3390/app15168979
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Article

Assessment of Anthropogenic Load on the Ile River Ecosystem Considering Regional Peculiarities

by
Ainur Mussakulkyzy
1,*,
Christian Opp
2,*,
Nariman Amirgaliev
1,
Azamat Мadibekov
1,3,
Laura Ismukhanova
1,3 and
Askhat Zhadi
1,4
1
Laboratory of “Hydrochemistry and Environmental Toxicology”, JSC «Institute of Geography and Water Security», Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
2
Faculty of Geography, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
3
Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
4
Department Water Resources and Reclamation, Water, Land and Forest Resources Faculty, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(16), 8979; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15168979 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 16 July 2025 / Revised: 7 August 2025 / Accepted: 11 August 2025 / Published: 14 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sciences)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The Ile River is the main water artery of the Lake Balkhash basin and the main fresh water resource supplying the south-eastern part of Kazakhstan. Increasing human economic activity makes it necessary to assess the anthropogenic load of the river on various ecosystems, including possible harmful effects. The assessment of anthropogenic load on the Ile River ecosystem was realized by the anthropogenic load fraction indicator and by the values of the chemical substance inflow modulus. For this purpose, the Ile River was divided into 3 sections: section I—from the border post HP Dobyn to 164 km above Kapshagai hydroelectric power plant (HPP); section II—between the points 164 km above and 37 km below Kapshagai HPP; and section III —from 37 km below HPP to Ushzharma village. The anthropogenic load strongly depends on the share of anthropogenic impact contributed by pollutants. Characteristic pollution components are copper, and in some cases zinc, ammonium, and nitrite nitrogen. The assessment of anthropogenic load also considers organic and biogenic substances in the chemical composition of river water. The variability in the volume of dissolved chemical inflows in different sections of the river made it possible to assess the transformation of anthropogenic load along the length of the Ile River.
Keywords: Ile River; share of anthropogenic impact; chemical inflow modulus; modal interval; flow volume; pollutant concentration Ile River; share of anthropogenic impact; chemical inflow modulus; modal interval; flow volume; pollutant concentration

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mussakulkyzy, A.; Opp, C.; Amirgaliev, N.; Мadibekov, A.; Ismukhanova, L.; Zhadi, A. Assessment of Anthropogenic Load on the Ile River Ecosystem Considering Regional Peculiarities. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 8979. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15168979

AMA Style

Mussakulkyzy A, Opp C, Amirgaliev N, Мadibekov A, Ismukhanova L, Zhadi A. Assessment of Anthropogenic Load on the Ile River Ecosystem Considering Regional Peculiarities. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(16):8979. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15168979

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mussakulkyzy, Ainur, Christian Opp, Nariman Amirgaliev, Azamat Мadibekov, Laura Ismukhanova, and Askhat Zhadi. 2025. "Assessment of Anthropogenic Load on the Ile River Ecosystem Considering Regional Peculiarities" Applied Sciences 15, no. 16: 8979. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15168979

APA Style

Mussakulkyzy, A., Opp, C., Amirgaliev, N., Мadibekov, A., Ismukhanova, L., & Zhadi, A. (2025). Assessment of Anthropogenic Load on the Ile River Ecosystem Considering Regional Peculiarities. Applied Sciences, 15(16), 8979. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15168979

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