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Applied Sciences
Volume 15
Issue 13
10.3390/app15137253
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Framework for Optimizing the Construction Process: The Integration of Lean Construction, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and Emerging Technologies

by
Omar Alnajjar
1,
Edison Atencio
2,* and
Jose Turmo
1
1
Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC-BarcelonaTech), C/Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
2
School of Civil Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso, Avenida Brasil 2147, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(13), 7253; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137253 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 21 May 2025 / Revised: 21 June 2025 / Accepted: 24 June 2025 / Published: 27 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technology and Management Applied in Construction Engineering Projects II)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This paper presents a novel framework for integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM), Lean Construction tools, and Emerging Technologies to optimize construction project management. The framework categorizes these elements across four phases: Plan, Design, Construction, and Operation in construction projects. Each phase identifies specific intersections and synergies among the three domains to enhance functionality, collaboration, and value delivery. Integration is built upon core principles such as functionality alignment, process efficiency, and lifecycle optimization. This study also highlights Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to evaluate the framework’s effectiveness in real-world applications and addresses limitations to guide future research. The framework was developed and validated using the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM). The proposed approach offers a transformative pathway for addressing inefficiencies, reducing waste, and maximizing project outcomes in modern construction.
Keywords: lean construction; building information modeling; emerging technologies; framework; project management lean construction; building information modeling; emerging technologies; framework; project management

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MDPI and ACS Style

Alnajjar, O.; Atencio, E.; Turmo, J. Framework for Optimizing the Construction Process: The Integration of Lean Construction, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and Emerging Technologies. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 7253. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137253

AMA Style

Alnajjar O, Atencio E, Turmo J. Framework for Optimizing the Construction Process: The Integration of Lean Construction, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and Emerging Technologies. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(13):7253. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137253

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alnajjar, Omar, Edison Atencio, and Jose Turmo. 2025. "Framework for Optimizing the Construction Process: The Integration of Lean Construction, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and Emerging Technologies" Applied Sciences 15, no. 13: 7253. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137253

APA Style

Alnajjar, O., Atencio, E., & Turmo, J. (2025). Framework for Optimizing the Construction Process: The Integration of Lean Construction, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and Emerging Technologies. Applied Sciences, 15(13), 7253. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137253

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