Strength Reduction Method for the Assessment of Existing Large Reinforced Concrete Structures
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Why Strength Reduction for Large RC Structures?
2.1. FE and ANFE in the Field of Large RC Structures
2.2. Strength Reduction
3. Strength Reduction Assessment Methodology
3.1. The Reloading Phase
3.2. Service Load Condition
3.3. Reliability Framework
- -
- m is the moment order (e.g., m = 1 for the mean value). To compute the variance of R, Equation (6) is used twice to compute and . Subsequently, the variance is determined using the equation: ;
- -
- is the resistance evaluated at a given sampling point i, N is the number of random input variables, and is the discrete mass probability. In case of uncorrelated input variables: .
4. Validations
4.1. Example 1: RC Beam with Pre-Existing Crack
4.2. Example 2: RC Beam Falling in Shear (AW1 from [26])
4.3. Example 3: RC Tunnel Section (from [27])
5. Applications
5.1. Application 1: Spiral Case
5.2. Application 2: Draft Tube
6. Conclusions
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- Compared to sophisticated non-linear finite element analysis, the method is simpler, more robust and allows to compute conservative value of structural resistance, excluding any contribution in tension from concrete;
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- The methodology is well-suited for the assessment of existing large RC structures, particularly complex 3D hydraulic structures.
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- The methodology can be used to assess disturbed 3D regions, with important advantages over conventional Strut & Tie model: possibility to include loads other than mechanical loads and to consider the structural effects of pre-existing cracks.
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- While the focus of this paper is on large RC structures, SRAM's applicability extends to various types of RC structures and can be seamlessly integrated into future design and assessment codes.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Material Property | Value | |
---|---|---|
Compressive strength of concrete | 30 MPa | |
Tensile strength of concrete | 2.9 MPa | |
Young modulus of concrete | Ec | 26,600 MPa |
Poisson coefficient of concrete | v | 0.18 |
Reinforcement ratio | ρ | 0.011 |
Reinforcement yield stress | fy | 400 MPa |
Reinforcement Young modulus | Es | 200,000 MPa |
Input Data | Exp Result | SRAM | ANFE [3] | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Example | f′c (MPa) | fy (MPa) | COV (f′c) | COV (fy) | Vexp (kN) | Rm = Vu (kN) | VANFE (kN) | ||||||
Beam AW1 | 37 | 465 | 0.2 | 0.09 | 585 | 424 | 460 | 460 | 353 | 353 | 0.13 | 535 | 0.10 |
Tunnel Box | 45 | 490 | 0.2 | 0.09 | 805 | 722 | 798 | 714 | 663 | 691 | 0.07 | 885 | 0.05 |
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Abra, O.; Ben Ftima, M. Strength Reduction Method for the Assessment of Existing Large Reinforced Concrete Structures. Appl. Sci. 2024, 14, 1614. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14041614
Abra O, Ben Ftima M. Strength Reduction Method for the Assessment of Existing Large Reinforced Concrete Structures. Applied Sciences. 2024; 14(4):1614. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14041614
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbra, Oumaima, and Mahdi Ben Ftima. 2024. "Strength Reduction Method for the Assessment of Existing Large Reinforced Concrete Structures" Applied Sciences 14, no. 4: 1614. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14041614
APA StyleAbra, O., & Ben Ftima, M. (2024). Strength Reduction Method for the Assessment of Existing Large Reinforced Concrete Structures. Applied Sciences, 14(4), 1614. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14041614