Oral and Dental Needs and Teledentistry Applications in the Elderly: Real-Time Surveillance Using Google Trends
Abstract
:Featured Application
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Search Strategy
- ▪
- Geriatric, elderly, aged, older, elder, nursing homes, nursing home, long term care, residential care, and home assistance;
- ▪
- Teledentistry, m-health, mobile health, dental application, dental app.
2.3. Data Collection and Extraction
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Google Trends Relative Search Volumes for “Elderly” and “Teledentistry”
3.2. Google Trends Relative Search Volumes for “Elderly” and “Teledentistry” Combined with Oral and Dental Needs, or Teledentistry Applications
3.3. Correlation between Worldwide Google Trends Relative Search Volumes (RSV) for “Elderly” and “Teledentistry” Combined with Oral and Dental Needs, or Teledentistry Applications
3.4. Comparison between Google Trends Relative Search Volumes for “Elderly” and “Teledentistry” Combined with Oral and Dental Needs, or Teledentistry Applications
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Worldwide Relative Search Volumes | Mean | Lower | Upper | Median | SD 1 | IQR 2 | Minimum | Maximum |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Teledentistry | 0.303 | 0.270 | 0.336 | 0.500 | 0.254 | 0.500 | 0.000 | 1.00 |
Elderly | 45.579 | 44.462 | 46.696 | 44 | 8.559 | 11.000 | 34 | 100 |
Oral and dental needs | ||||||||
Tooth loss | 0.919 | 0.895 | 0.943 | 1 | 0.185 | 0.000 | 0.500 | 1.00 |
Periodontitis | 2.566 | 2.482 | 2.650 | 2 | 0.644 | 1.000 | 2 | 5 |
Tooth extraction | 8.461 | 7.830 | 9.091 | 7 | 4.835 | 9.000 | 2 | 19 |
Dentures | 10.105 | 9.596 | 10.614 | 9 | 3.900 | 7.000 | 5 | 19 |
Caries | 7.193 | 7.031 | 7.355 | 7 | 1.244 | 2.000 | 5 | 11 |
Stomatitis | 2.250 | 2.188 | 2.312 | 2 | 0.473 | 0.000 | 2 | 4 |
Teledentistry applications | ||||||||
Consult | 15.886 | 15.057 | 16.716 | 13 | 6.373 | 8.000 | 8 | 42 |
Diagnosis | 41.013 | 40.121 | 41.906 | 39 | 6.855 | 7.000 | 30 | 62 |
Monitoring | 4.153 | 3.998 | 4.308 | 4 | 1.191 | 1.000 | 3 | 8 |
Screening | 3.000 | 2.922 | 3.078 | 3 | 0.600 | 0.000 | 2 | 5 |
Assistance | 70.751 | 69.490 | 72.012 | 70 | 9.684 | 14.000 | 55 | 100 |
Education | 45.218 | 43.137 | 47.299 | 39 | 15.981 | 15.000 | 28 | 100 |
Elderly RSV | Teledentistry RSV | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oral needs and concerns RSV | |||||||
Tooth loss | Periodontitis | Tooth extraction | Dentures | Caries | Stomatitis | ||
Pearson’s r | 0.214 ** | 0.017 | 0.508 *** | 0.207 ** | 0.234 *** | 0.580 *** | 0.505 *** |
p-value | 0.001 | 0.795 | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
95% CI Upper | 0.335 | 0.147 | 0.599 | 0.328 | 0.353 | 0.660 | 0.596 |
95% CI Lower | 0.087 | −0.113 | 0.405 | 0.079 | 0.107 | 0.486 | 0.402 |
Teledentistry applications RSV | |||||||
Consult | Diagnosis | Monitoring | Screening | Assistance | Education | ||
Pearson’s r | 0.090 | 0.214 ** | 0.637 *** | 0.470 *** | 0.496 *** | 0.333 *** | 0.376 *** |
p-value | 0.175 | 0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
95% CI Upper | 0.217 | 0.334 | 0.708 | 0.565 | 0.588 | 0.444 | 0.482 |
95% CI Lower | −0.040 | 0.087 | 0.552 | 0.362 | 0.392 | 0.213 | 0.259 |
Worldwide Relative Search Volumes |
36 Months before the COVID-19 Outbreak |
36 Months after the COVID-19 Outbreak | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Median | SD 1 | SE 2 | Mean | Median | SD 1 | SE 2 | |
Teledentistry | 0.472 | 0.500 | 0.116 | 0.0194 | 0.500 | 0.500 | 0.000 | 0.0000 |
Elderly | 2.972 | 3.000 | 0.167 | 0.0278 | 3.111 | 3.000 | 0.523 | 0.0871 |
Oral needs and concerns | ||||||||
Tooth loss | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.000 | 0.0000 | 0.986 | 1.000 | 0.083 | 0.0139 |
Periodontitis | 2.944 | 3.000 | 0.232 | 0.0387 | 3.444 | 3.000 | 0.558 | 0.0930 |
Tooth extraction | 13.306 | 13.000 | 1.618 | 0.2697 | 16.222 | 17.000 | 2.085 | 0.3476 |
Dentures | 14.361 | 14.000 | 1.246 | 0.2076 | 15.972 | 16.000 | 1.558 | 0.2597 |
Caries | 7.083 | 7.000 | 0.649 | 0.1082 | 8.222 | 8.000 | 1.198 | 0.1996 |
Stomatitis | 2.361 | 2.000 | 0.487 | 0.0812 | 2.417 | 2.000 | 0.500 | 0.0833 |
Teledentistry applications | ||||||||
Consult | 10.806 | 11.000 | 0.668 | 0.1114 | 11.611 | 12.000 | 0.964 | 0.1607 |
Diagnosis | 40.361 | 40.500 | 3.893 | 0.6488 | 44.444 | 44.000 | 5.882 | 0.9803 |
Monitoring | 3.694 | 4.000 | 0.467 | 0.0779 | 3.861 | 4.000 | 0.351 | 0.0585 |
Screening | 3.000 | 3.000 | 0.239 | 0.0398 | 3.611 | 3.500 | 0.688 | 0.1146 |
Assistance | 63.111 | 62.500 | 5.203 | 0.8672 | 75.000 | 73.500 | 7.018 | 1.1697 |
Education | 35.111 | 35.000 | 3.328 | 0.5546 | 36.444 | 35.500 | 5.634 | 0.9390 |
Worldwide Relative Search Volumes 36 Months before vs. 36 Months after the COVID-19 Outbreak | ||
---|---|---|
Oral Needs and Concerns | Statistic | p |
Teledentistry | 594.0 | 0.082 |
Elderly | 79.5 | <0.001 |
Tooth loss | 630.0 | 0.331 |
Periodontitis | 357.0 | <0.001 |
Tooth extraction | 144.5 | <0.001 |
Dentures | 273.0 | <0.001 |
Caries | 278.0 | <0.001 |
Stomatitis | 612.0 | 0.636 |
Worldwide Relative Search Volumes 36 Months before vs. 36 Months after the COVID-19 Outbreak | ||
---|---|---|
Teledentistry Applications | Statistic | p |
Teledentistry | 612.0 | 0.160 |
Elderly | 595.0 | 0.088 |
Consult | 310.0 | <0.001 |
Diagnosis | 386.5 | 0.003 |
Monitoring | 540.0 | 0.093 |
Screening | 331.0 | <0.001 |
Assistance | 92.5 | <0.001 |
Education | 583.0 | 0.466 |
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Di Spirito, F.; Bramanti, A.; Cannatà, D.; Coppola, N.; Di Palo, M.P.; Savarese, G.; Amato, M. Oral and Dental Needs and Teledentistry Applications in the Elderly: Real-Time Surveillance Using Google Trends. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 5416. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095416
Di Spirito F, Bramanti A, Cannatà D, Coppola N, Di Palo MP, Savarese G, Amato M. Oral and Dental Needs and Teledentistry Applications in the Elderly: Real-Time Surveillance Using Google Trends. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(9):5416. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095416
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Spirito, Federica, Alessia Bramanti, Davide Cannatà, Nicoletta Coppola, Maria Pia Di Palo, Giulia Savarese, and Massimo Amato. 2023. "Oral and Dental Needs and Teledentistry Applications in the Elderly: Real-Time Surveillance Using Google Trends" Applied Sciences 13, no. 9: 5416. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095416
APA StyleDi Spirito, F., Bramanti, A., Cannatà, D., Coppola, N., Di Palo, M. P., Savarese, G., & Amato, M. (2023). Oral and Dental Needs and Teledentistry Applications in the Elderly: Real-Time Surveillance Using Google Trends. Applied Sciences, 13(9), 5416. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095416