Development of Open-Assistant Environment for Integrated Operation of 3D Bridge Model and Engineering Document Information
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Document Analysis and Translation to Structured Format
2.1. Translation Process from Unstructured Engineering Document to XML Document
2.2. Content Analysis of Engineering Documents
- The string represents a set of characters with a finite sequence; here, , , and is the set of all the characters, including space, in a given document;
- In , the symbol ‘’ implies that A can be expressed as B;
- The symbol ‘|’ represents ‘or’.
2.3. Identification of Bullet-Form Text Strings
2.4. Identification of Hierarchical Structure of Subtitles
2.5. Performance Evaluation of Document Translation Module
3. IFC-Based Bridge Information Modeling with Document Metadata
3.1. IFC Schema for Bridge Model and Document Information
- IFC4.3RC4 is a schema under development that has not yet been officially released. Therefore, current BIM authoring tools, such as Autodesk Revit, cannot handle the information generated by IFC4.3RC4;
- Information on the bridge structure components covered by IFC4.3RC4 is limited; it does not define bridge-specific and bridge-related attributes that should be treated as entity and attribute level.
3.2. Assistant Module for Integrated Management of Bridge Model and Document Information
4. Experimental Verification via Retrieval of Document Fragments Related to the 3D Model Object
4.1. Process of the Experimental Verification for Connected Document Fragments and 3D Model Object
4.2. Connection Review of the Retrieved Document Fragments and the 3D Model Objects
5. Conclusions
- Document content management using the IFC: Although the IFC contains most of the information that needs to be dealt with during the entire lifecycle of a facility, few studies suggest a technical process to control the document fragments. This study explained how IFC manages document fragments with examples;
- Smart infrastructure: The successful adaptation of BIM for buildings promotes the growth of BIM for infrastructure for operating smart infrastructure. Interoperability, as well as data mapping between physical and digital models, are considered to be some of the essential keys of successful BIM for infrastructure [31,32]. The integrated operation process of the BIM authoring tool–IFC–engineering document proposed in this study can be a good reference.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Previous Study | Extraction of 3D Model Info. | Extraction of Doc. Info. | Integration, Mapping Method | Limitation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hjelseth and Nisbet [6] | X | RASE 1 methodology | Not proposed | Integration method between 3D model and doc. Info. was not proposed. |
Zhong et al. [9] | X | CQIEOntology 2 (Manual) | Not proposed | Integration method between 3D model and doc. Info. was not proposed. |
Choi et al. [22] | IFC | X | IFC user-defined property sets (PSETs) | Regulation codes must be mapped into IFC PSETs manually. |
Opitz et al. [23] | IFC schema | X | SQL and BIMfit Model Query | The document content should already be stored in DB in a fragile state. |
Beach et al. [7] | IFC | Extended RASE (RASE + XML tag) | Experts performed the mapping between the code fragments and IFC entities. | Mapping was performed manually. |
Zhou and El-Gohary [10] | IFC | Rule-based OBIE 3 algorithm | IFC–SIE 4–logic facts transformation | OBIE algorithm highly depends on specific knowledge domain (building energy conservation codes). |
Sydora and Stroulia [8] | IFC | Rule Language (manual) | IFC-based automatic mapping | The information should be organized to interpret into rule language manually. |
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Park, S.I.; Kim, B.-G.; Goh, W.; Zi, G. Development of Open-Assistant Environment for Integrated Operation of 3D Bridge Model and Engineering Document Information. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 2510. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052510
Park SI, Kim B-G, Goh W, Zi G. Development of Open-Assistant Environment for Integrated Operation of 3D Bridge Model and Engineering Document Information. Applied Sciences. 2022; 12(5):2510. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052510
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Sang I., Bong-Geun Kim, Wonhui Goh, and Goangseup Zi. 2022. "Development of Open-Assistant Environment for Integrated Operation of 3D Bridge Model and Engineering Document Information" Applied Sciences 12, no. 5: 2510. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052510
APA StylePark, S. I., Kim, B.-G., Goh, W., & Zi, G. (2022). Development of Open-Assistant Environment for Integrated Operation of 3D Bridge Model and Engineering Document Information. Applied Sciences, 12(5), 2510. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12052510