Analysis of the Influence of Age Stages on Static Plantar Pressure Indicators for Karate Do Practitioners (Preliminary Report)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. The Organization of the Research
2.3. The Statistical Analysis of Data
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Limits of the Study
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Age Group | Off-Center Right | Off-Center Left | Slightly Off-Center Right | Slightly Off-Center Left | Balanced |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
<13 years | - | 2 | 4 | - | 2 |
13–15 years | 1 | - | 2 | - | 3 |
>15 years | 1 | - | - | 1 | 4 |
Age Group | L-Front, R-Back | L-Back, R-Front | Alignment L-R = 00 |
---|---|---|---|
<13 years | 4 | 3 | 1 |
13–15 years | 3 | 2 | 1 |
>15 years | - | 4 | 2 |
Age Group | In the Left Retropodal Part | In the Right Retropodal Part | In the Left Forefoot Part | In the Right Forefoot Part |
---|---|---|---|---|
<13 years | 4 | 4 | - | - |
13–15 years | 1 | 5 | - | - |
>15 years | 5 | - | - | 1 |
Age Groups | Normal Bilateral Leg | Mixed Foot (Cavity or Flat + Normal) | Leg with Bilateral Cavity | Bilateral Flat Foot |
---|---|---|---|---|
<13 years | 4 | 2 | 2 | - |
13–15 years | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
>15 years | 2 | 3 | - | 1 |
Dependent Variable | Sum of Squares | Mean Square | F df(2, 17) | Sig. | η2p | Observed Power |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
forefoot_left_surface | 418.49 | 209.24 | 4.634 | 0.025 | 00.353 | 0.702 |
forefoot_left_load_percent | 14.08 | 7.04 | 0.249 | 0.783 | 0.028 | 0.083 |
forefoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 112.38 | 56.19 | 0.640 | 0.539 | 0.070 | 0.140 |
forefoot_right_surface | 537.96 | 268.98 | 3.158 | 0.068 | 0.271 | 0.527 |
forefoot_right_load_percent | 74.15 | 37.07 | 1.887 | 0.182 | 0.182 | 0.337 |
forefoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 278.86 | 139.43 | 2.325 | 0.128 | 0.215 | 0.406 |
rearfoot_left_surface | 249.16 | 124.58 | 1.577 | 0.235 | 0.157 | 0.288 |
rearfoot_left_load_percent | 61.95 | 30.97 | 1.307 | 0.297 | 0.133 | 0.244 |
rearfoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 112.38 | 56.19 | 0.640 | 0.539 | 0.070 | 0.140 |
rearfoot_right_surface | 243.83 | 121.91 | 1.277 | 0.304 | 0.131 | 0.239 |
rearfoot_right_load_percent | 78.75 | 39.37 | 0.663 | 0.528 | 0.072 | 0.143 |
rearfoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 278.86 | 139.43 | 2.325 | 0.128 | 0.215 | 0.406 |
total_left_surface | 1280.61 | 640.30 | 3.740 | 0.045 | 0.306 | 0.603 |
total_left_load_percent | 35.53 | 17.76 | 0.866 | 0.438 | 0.092 | 0.174 |
total_left_load_kg | 58.88 | 29.44 | 2.950 | 0.079 | 0.258 | 0.498 |
total_left_Pmax | 1989.86 | 994.93 | 0.196 | 0.824 | 0.023 | 0.076 |
total_left_Pavg | 9.82 | 4.91 | 0.007 | 0.993 | 0.001 | 0.051 |
total_right_surface | 1378.75 | 689.37 | 2.283 | 0.132 | 0.212 | 0.399 |
total_right_load_percent | 35.53 | 17.76 | 0.866 | 0.438 | 0.092 | 0.174 |
total_right_load_kg | 238.38 | 119.19 | 3.422 | 0.056 | 0.287 | 0.563 |
total_right_Pmax | 43,468.88 | 21,734.44 | 3.173 | 0.067 | 0.272 | 0.529 |
total_right_Pavg | 2723.49 | 1361.74 | 2.244 | 0.136 | 0.209 | 0.393 |
distance_L_C_mm | 478.208 | 239.10 | 0.443 | 0.649 | 0.050 | 0.110 |
distance_R_C_mm | 864.217 | 432.10 | 2.610 | 0.103 | 0.235 | 0.449 |
Misalignment_C_cm | 0.707 | 0.35 | 0.693 | 0.513 | 0.075 | 0.148 |
Misalignment_L_R_grade | 0.958 | 0.47 | 0.101 | 0.905 | 0.012 | 0.063 |
Dependent Variable | Lot | Mean ± SD | a–b | Sig. | a–c | Sig. | b–c | Sig. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
forefoot_left_ surface | a. <13years | 64.12 ± 5.64 | −8.708 | 0.084 | −9.875 * | 0.044 | −1.167 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 72.83 ± 9.64 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 74.00 ± 4.00 | |||||||
forefoot_left_ load_percent | a. <13years | 22.25 ± 5.25 | −1.417 | 1.000 | −1.917 | 1.000 | −500 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 23.66 ± 6.86 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 24.16 ± 3.25 | |||||||
forefoot_left_weight_ ratio_percent | a. <13years | 46.00 ± 7.65 | −5.333 | 0.920 | −4.167 | 1.000 | 1.167 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 51.33 ± 11.87 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 50.16 ± 8.68 | |||||||
forefoot_right_ surface | a. <13years | 65.75 ± 6.69 | −10.41 | 0.156 | −10.750 | 0.137 | −0.333 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 76.16 ± 12.76 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 76.50 ± 7.99 | |||||||
forefoot_right_ load_percent | a. <13years | 24.62 ± 3.85 | −1.042 | 1.000 | −4.542 | 0.225 | −3.500 | 0.568 |
b. 13–15 years | 25.66 ± 4.45 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 29.16 ± 5.11 | |||||||
forefoot_right_weight_ ratio_percent | a. <13 years | 48.00 ± 6.65 | 0.333 | 1.000 | −8.000 | 0.218 | −8.333 | 0.239 |
b. 13–15 years | 47.66 ± 9.77 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 56.00 ± 6.81 | |||||||
rearfoot_left_ surface | a. <13years | 46.75 ± 6.75 | −7.917 | 0.352 | −6.250 | 0.631 | 1.667 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 54.66 ± 11.27 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 53.00 ± 8.80 | |||||||
rearfoot_left_ load_percent | a. <13 years | 26.25 ± 3.80 | 4.250 | 0.373 | 1.750 | 1.000 | −2.500 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 22.00 ± 5.44 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 24.50 ± 5.54 | |||||||
rearfoot_left_weight_ ratio_percent | a. <13 years | 54.00 ± 7.65 | 5.333 | 0.920 | 4.167 | 1.000 | −1.167 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 48.66 ± 11.87 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 49.83 ± 8.68 | |||||||
rearfoot_right_ surface | a. <13 years | 49.75 ± 7.90 | −8.417 | 0.387 | −4.083 | 1.000 | 4.333 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 58.16 ± 15.05 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 53.83 ± 3.25 | |||||||
rearfoot_right_ load_percent | a. <13 years | 26.87 ± 4.64 | 1.208 | 1.000 | 4.708 | 0.821 | 3.500 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 25.66 ± 12.80 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 22.16 ± 2.78 | |||||||
rearfoot_right_weight_ ratio_percent | a. <13 years | 52.00 ± 6.65 | −0.333 | 1.000 | 8.000 | 0.218 | 8.333 | 0.239 |
b. 13–15 years | 52.33 ± 9.77 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 44.00 ± 6.81 | |||||||
total_left_ surface | a. <13 years | 110.75 ± 11.1 | −16.41 | 0.098 | −16.250 | 0.103 | 0.167 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 127.16 ± 16.2 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 127.00 ± 12.0 | |||||||
total_left_ load_percent | a. <13 years | 48.50 ± 5.12 | 2.833 | 0.788 | −0.167 | 1.000 | −3.000 | 0.801 |
b. 13–15 years | 45.66 ± 4.80 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 48.66 ± 3.14 | |||||||
total_left_ load_kg | a. <13 years | 23.75 ± 3.28 | −3.417 | 0.184 | −3.583 | 0.153 | −0.167 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 27.16 ± 3.86 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 27.33 ± 1.96 | |||||||
total_left_Pmax | a. <13 years | 565.00 ± 81.9 | 16.333 | 1.000 | 23.000 | 1.000 | 6.667 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 548.66 ± 52.8 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 542.00 ± 71.0 | |||||||
total_left_Pavg | a. <13 years | 214.37 ± 30.1 | −1.125 | 1.000 | −1.625 | 1.000 | −0.500 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 215.50 ± 26.2 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 216.00 ± 19.6 | |||||||
total_right_ surface | a. <13 years | 115.62 ± 12.4 | −18.70 | 0.188 | −14.542 | 0.419 | 4.167 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 134.33 ± 27.3 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 130.16 ± 7.9 | |||||||
total_right_ load_percent | a. <13 years | 51.50 ± 5.12 | −2.833 | 0.788 | 0.167 | 1.000 | 3.000 | 0.801 |
b. 13–15 years | 54.33 ± 4.80 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 51.33 ± 3.14 | |||||||
total_right_ load_kg | a. <13 years | 25.00 ± 3.74 | −8.333 | 0.054 | −3.833 | 0.737 | 4.500 | 0.612 |
b. 13–15 years | 33.33 ± 9.28 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 28.83 ± 3.54 | |||||||
total_right_Pmax | a. <13 years | 586.25 ± 98.3 | −38.08 | 1.000 | 79.417 | 0.281 | −117.50 | 0.075 |
b. 13–15 years | 624.33 ± 79.6 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 506.83 ± 58.3 | |||||||
total_right_Pavg | a. <13 years | 217.87 ± 27.0 | −26.95 | 0.176 | −4.125 | 1.000 | 22.833 | 0.380 |
b. 13–15 years | 244.83 ± 21.2 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 222.00 ± 24.1 | |||||||
distance_L_C_mm | a. <13 years | 93.37 ± 14.28 | 7.208 | 1.000 | 11.542 | 1.000 | 4.333 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 86.16 ± 10.79 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 81.83 ± 37.84 | |||||||
distance_R_C_mm | a. <13 years | 86.75 ± 10.68 | 12.750 | 0.252 | −3.083 | 1.000 | 15.833 | 0.144 |
b. 13–15 years | 74.00 ± 17.77 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 89.83 ± 9.32 | |||||||
misalignment_C_cm | a. <13 years | 1.12 ± 0.46 | −0.439 | 0.811 | −0.084 | 1.000 | 0.355 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 1.56 ± 0.88 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 1.21 ± 0.80 | |||||||
misalignment_L_R_grade | a. <13 years | 3.12 ± 1.45 | −0.042 | 1.000 | 0.458 | 1.000 | 0.500 | 1.000 |
b. 13–15 years | 3.16 ± 2.78 | |||||||
c. >15 years | 2.66 ± 2.33 |
Tests | Mean | Std. Deviation | Std. Error Mean | Z Wilcoxon a | Sig. (2-Tailed) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pair 1 | forefoot_left_surface | 64.1250 | 5.64263 | 1.99497 | −0.762 b | 0.446 |
forefoot_right_surface | 65.7500 | 6.69221 | 2.36605 | |||
Pair 2 | forefoot_left_load_percent | 22.2500 | 5.25765 | 1.85886 | −0.912 b | 0.362 |
forefoot_right_load_percent | 24.6250 | 3.85218 | 1.36195 | |||
Pair 3 | forefoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 46.0000 | 7.65320 | 2.70581 | −0.677 b | 0.498 |
forefoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 48.0000 | 6.65475 | 2.35281 | |||
Pair 4 | rearfoot_left_surface | 46.7500 | 6.75595 | 2.38859 | −1.544 b | 0.123 |
rearfoot_right_surface | 49.7500 | 7.90569 | 2.79508 | |||
Pair 5 | rearfoot_left_load_percent | 26.2500 | 3.80789 | 1.34629 | −0.210 b | 0.833 |
rearfoot_right_load_percent | 26.8750 | 4.64258 | 1.64140 | |||
Pair 6 | rearfoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 54.0000 | 7.65320 | 2.70581 | −0.677 c | 0.498 |
rearfoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 52.0000 | 6.65475 | 2.35281 | |||
Pair 7 | total_left_surface | 110.7500 | 11.14515 | 3.94040 | −1.192 b | 0.233 |
total_right_surface | 115.6250 | 12.45492 | 4.40348 | |||
Pair 8 | total_left_load_percent | 48.5000 | 5.12696 | 1.81265 | −0.634 b | 0.526 |
total_right_load_percent | 51.5000 | 5.12696 | 1.81265 | |||
Pair 9 | total_left_load_kg | 23.7500 | 3.28416 | 1.16113 | −0.634 b | 0.526 |
total_right_load_kg | 25.0000 | 3.74166 | 1.32288 | |||
Pair 10 | total_left_Pmax | 565.0000 | 81.90761 | 28.95871 | −0.280 b | 0.779 |
total_right_Pmax | 586.2500 | 98.34306 | 34.76952 | |||
Pair 11 | total_left_Pavg | 214.3750 | 30.15170 | 10.66024 | −0.560 b | 575 |
total_right_Pavg | 217.8750 | 27.09474 | 9.57944 |
Tests | Mean | Std. Deviation | Std. Error Mean | Z Wilcoxon a | Sig. (2-Tailed) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pair 1 | forefoot_left_surface | 72.8333 | 9.64192 | 3.93630 | −0.674 b | 0.500 |
forefoot_right_surface | 76.1667 | 12.76584 | 5.21163 | |||
Pair 2 | forefoot_left_load_percent | 23.6667 | 6.86052 | 2.80079 | −1.219 b | 0.223 |
forefoot_right_load_percent | 25.6667 | 4.45720 | 1.81965 | |||
Pair 3 | forefoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 51.3333 | 11.87715 | 4.84883 | −1.682 c | 0.093 |
forefoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 47.6667 | 9.77070 | 3.98887 | |||
Pair 4 | rearfoot_left_surface | 54.6667 | 11.27239 | 4.60193 | −1.490 b | 0.136 |
rearfoot_right_surface | 58.1667 | 15.05213 | 6.14501 | |||
Pair 5 | rearfoot_left_load_percent | 22.0000 | 5.44059 | 2.22111 | −0.943 b | 0.345 |
rearfoot_right_load_percent | 25.6667 | 12.80104 | 5.22600 | |||
Pair 6 | rearfoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 48.6667 | 11.87715 | 4.84883 | −1.682 b | 0.093 |
rearfoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 52.3333 | 9.77070 | 3.98887 | |||
Pair 7 | total_left_surface | 127.1667 | 16.22858 | 6.62529 | −1.051 b | 0.293 |
total_right_surface | 134.3333 | 27.31788 | 11.15248 | |||
Pair 8 | total_left_load_percent | 45.6667 | 4.80278 | 1.96073 | −1.787 b | 0.074 |
total_right_load_percent | 54.3333 | 4.80278 | 1.96073 | |||
Pair 9 | total_left_load_kg | 27.1667 | 3.86868 | 1.57938 | −1.782 b | 0.075 |
total_right_load_kg | 33.3333 | 9.28799 | 3.79180 | |||
Pair 10 | total_left_Pmax | 548.6667 | 52.89486 | 21.59424 | −1.892 b | 0.058 |
total_right_Pmax | 624.3333 | 79.67350 | 32.52657 | |||
Pair 11 | total_left_Pavg | 215.5000 | 26.20496 | 10.69813 | −1.572 b | 0.116 |
total_right_Pavg | 244.8333 | 21.29241 | 8.69259 |
Tests | Mean | Std. Deviation | Std. Error Mean | Z Wilcoxon a | Sig. (2-Tailed) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pair 1 | forefoot_left_surface | 74.0000 | 4.00000 | 1.63299 | −0.314 b | 0.753 |
forefoot_right_surface | 76.5000 | 7.99375 | 3.26343 | |||
Pair 2 | forefoot_left_load_percent | 24.1667 | 3.25064 | 1.32707 | −1.997 b | 0.046 |
forefoot_right_load_percent | 29.1667 | 5.11534 | 2.08833 | |||
Pair 3 | forefoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 50.1667 | 8.68140 | 3.54417 | −1.753 b | 0.080 |
forefoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 56.0000 | 6.81175 | 2.78089 | |||
Pair 4 | rearfoot_left_surface | 53.0000 | 8.80909 | 3.59629 | −0.314 b | 0.753 |
rearfoot_right_surface | 53.8333 | 3.25064 | 1.32707 | |||
Pair 5 | rearfoot_left_load_percent | 24.5000 | 5.54076 | 2.26201 | −1.051 c | 0.293 |
rearfoot_right_load_percent | 22.1667 | 2.78687 | 1.13774 | |||
Pair 6 | rearfoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 49.8333 | 8.68140 | 3.54417 | −1.753 c | 0.080 |
rearfoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 44.0000 | 6.81175 | 2.78089 | |||
Pair 7 | total_left_surface | 127.0000 | 12.03329 | 4.91257 | −0.524 b | 0.600 |
total_right_surface | 130.1667 | 7.96032 | 3.24979 | |||
Pair 8 | total_left_load_percent | 48.6667 | 3.14113 | 1.28236 | −0.850 b | 0.395 |
total_right_load_percent | 51.3333 | 3.14113 | 1.28236 | |||
Pair 9 | total_left_load_kg | 27.3333 | 1.96638 | .80277 | −0.530 b | 0.596 |
total_right_load_kg | 28.8333 | 3.54495 | 1.44722 | |||
Pair 10 | total_left_Pmax | 542.0000 | 71.00423 | 28.98735 | −1.572 c | 0.116 |
total_right_Pmax | 506.8333 | 58.33495 | 23.81514 | |||
Pair 11 | total_left_Pavg | 216.0000 | 19.62651 | 8.01249 | −0.946 b | 0.344 |
total_right_Pavg | 222.0000 | 24.12468 | 9.84886 |
Tests | Mean | Std. Deviation | Std. Error Mean | Z Wilcoxon a | Sig. (2-Tailed) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pair 1 | forefoot_left_surface | 64.1250 | 5.64263 | 1.99497 | −2.524 b | 0.012 |
rearfoot_left_surface | 46.7500 | 6.75595 | 2.38859 | |||
Pair 2 | forefoot_right_surface | 65.7500 | 6.69221 | 2.36605 | −2.521 b | 0.012 |
rearfoot_right_surface | 49.7500 | 7.90569 | 2.79508 | |||
Pair 3 | forefoot_left_load_percent | 22.2500 | 5.25765 | 1.85886 | −1.357 c | 0.175 |
rearfoot_left_load_percent | 26.2500 | 3.80789 | 1.34629 | |||
Pair 4 | forefoot_right_load_percent | 24.6250 | 3.85218 | 1.36195 | −0.704 c | 0.481 |
rearfoot_right_load_percent | 26.8750 | 4.64258 | 1.64140 | |||
Pair 5 | forefoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 46.0000 | 7.65320 | 2.70581 | −1.362 c | 0.173 |
rearfoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 54.0000 | 7.65320 | 2.70581 | |||
Pair 6 | forefoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 48.0000 | 6.65475 | 2.35281 | −0.701 c | 0.483 |
rearfoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 52.0000 | 6.65475 | 2.35281 |
Tests | Mean | Std. Deviation | Std. Error Mean | Z Wilcoxon a | Sig. (2-Tailed) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pair 1 | forefoot_left_surface | 72.8333 | 9.64192 | 3.93630 | −1.997 b | 0.046 |
rearfoot_left_surface | 54.6667 | 11.27239 | 4.60193 | |||
Pair 2 | forefoot_right_surface | 76.1667 | 12.76584 | 5.21163 | −2.201 b | 0.028 |
rearfoot_right_surface | 58.1667 | 15.05213 | 6.14501 | |||
Pair 3 | forefoot_left_load_percent | 23.6667 | 6.86052 | 2.80079 | −0.315 b | 0.752 |
rearfoot_left_load_percent | 22.0000 | 5.44059 | 2.22111 | |||
Pair 4 | forefoot_right_load_percent | 25.6667 | 4.45720 | 1.81965 | −0.106 c | 0.916 |
rearfoot_right_load_percent | 25.6667 | 12.80104 | 5.22600 | |||
Pair 5 | forefoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 51.3333 | 11.87715 | 4.84883 | −0.314 b | 0.753 |
rearfoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 48.6667 | 11.87715 | 4.84883 | |||
Pair 6 | forefoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 47.6667 | 9.77070 | 3.98887 | −0.105 c | 0.916 |
rearfoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 52.3333 | 9.77070 | 3.98887 |
Tests | Mean | Std. Deviation | Std. Error Mean | Z Wilcoxon a | Sig. (2-Tailed) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pair 1 | forefoot_left_surface | 74.0000 | 4.00000 | 1.63299 | −2.207 b | 0.027 |
rearfoot_left_surface | 53.0000 | 8.80909 | 3.59629 | |||
Pair 2 | forefoot_right_surface | 76.5000 | 7.99375 | 3.26343 | −2.201b | 0.028 |
rearfoot_right_surface | 53.8333 | 3.25064 | 1.32707 | |||
Pair 3 | forefoot_left_load_percent | 24.1667 | 3.25064 | 1.32707 | −0.105 c | 0.916 |
rearfoot_left_load_percent | 24.5000 | 5.54076 | 2.26201 | |||
Pair 4 | forefoot_right_load_percent | 29.1667 | 5.11534 | 2.08833 | −1.761 b | 0.078 |
rearfoot_right_load_percent | 22.1667 | 2.78687 | 1.13774 | |||
Pair 5 | forefoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 50.1667 | 8.68140 | 3.54417 | 0.000 d | 1.000 |
rearfoot_left_weight_ratio_percent | 49.8333 | 8.68140 | 3.54417 | |||
Pair 6 | forefoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 56.0000 | 6.81175 | 2.78089 | −1.572 b | 0.116 |
rearfoot_right_weight_ratio_percent | 44.0000 | 6.81175 | 2.78089 |
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Mocanu, G.D.; Murariu, G.; Iordan, D.A.; Sandu, I. Analysis of the Influence of Age Stages on Static Plantar Pressure Indicators for Karate Do Practitioners (Preliminary Report). Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 7320. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167320
Mocanu GD, Murariu G, Iordan DA, Sandu I. Analysis of the Influence of Age Stages on Static Plantar Pressure Indicators for Karate Do Practitioners (Preliminary Report). Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(16):7320. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167320
Chicago/Turabian StyleMocanu, George Danut, Gabriel Murariu, Daniel Andrei Iordan, and Ion Sandu. 2021. "Analysis of the Influence of Age Stages on Static Plantar Pressure Indicators for Karate Do Practitioners (Preliminary Report)" Applied Sciences 11, no. 16: 7320. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167320
APA StyleMocanu, G. D., Murariu, G., Iordan, D. A., & Sandu, I. (2021). Analysis of the Influence of Age Stages on Static Plantar Pressure Indicators for Karate Do Practitioners (Preliminary Report). Applied Sciences, 11(16), 7320. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167320