Artificial Lighting Environment Evaluation of the Japan Museum of Art Based on the Emotional Response of Observers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experiment
2.1. Illuminance Test Method
2.2. Museum Lighting Environment
2.3. Psychophysical Experiment
- Introduction. Introduce the content and process of the art museum lighting experiment to the observer.
- Visual testing. Test the observer for visual defects or color blindness.
- Environmental adaptation. The observer first adapts to the museum lighting environment under a typical space for about 2 min. The experiment should allow the observers to whole experience the art museum lighting environment of the exhibition space and evaluate and feel the lighting environment of the viewing space, traffic space and rest space through observers’ vision.
- Main experiment. Through the moving, viewing and staying of the observer in the exhibition space visual task is completed, the process takes about 5 min. Next, observers viewing the typical painting lighting environment in the viewing space, observe the oil paintings and feel the lighting environment in the viewing space, the process takes about 3 min.
- 5.
- Subjective evaluation. The observer makes a subjective evaluation of the current lighting environment in the art museum, the observer fills in the corresponding score according to the questionnaire. The experimental process obtained subjective response data through four evaluation dimensions (comfort, clarity, preference and warmth) from observers. And analyzes the influence of the actual spatial lighting parameters of art museum buildings on observers’ psychological emotions.
- 6.
- Museum lighting environmental changes.
- 7.
- Repeat steps 3–5 until the experimental data are collected.
2.4. Observer Difference Analysis
3. Experimental Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Berns, R.S. Designing white-light LED lighting for the display of art: A feasibility study. Color Res. Appl. 2011, 36, 324–334. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cuttle, C. Damage to museum objects due to light exposure. Lighting Res. Technol. 1996, 28, 1–9. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Schanda, J.; Csuti, P.; Szabó, F. Colour fidelity for picture gallery illumination, Part 1: Determining the optimum light-emitting diode spectrum. Lighting Res. Technol. 2015, 47, 513–521. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Kesner, C.W. Analysis of the Museum Lighting Environment. J. Inter. Des. 1997, 23, 28–41. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Leccese, F.; Salvadori, G.; Morozzi, R.; Nieri, P. Study on the suitable lighting design of Beato Angelico’s artworks displayed at the National Museum of San Matteo in Pisa (Italy). Mater. Sci. Eng. 2018, 364. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Huang, Z.; Liu, Q.; Pointer, M.R.; Luo, M.R.; Wu, B.; Liu, A. White lighting and colour preference, Part 1: Correlation analysis and metrics validation. Lighting Res. Technol. 2019. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Huang, Z.; Liu, Q.; Luo, M.R.; Pointer, M.R.; Wu, B.; Liu, A. The whiteness of lighting and colour preference, Part 2: A meta-analysis of psychophysical data. Lighting Res. Technol. 2019. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liu, Q.; Huang, Z.; Pointer, M.R.; Luo, M.R.; Xiao, K.; Xiao, K.; Westland, S. Evaluating colour preference of lighting with an empty light booth. Lighting Res. Technol. 2018, 50, 1249–1256. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Huang, Z.; Liu, Q.; Westland, S.; Pointer, M.R.; Luo, M.R.; Xiao, K. Light dominates colour preference when correlated colour temperature differs. Lighting Res. Technol. 2018, 50, 995–1012. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chen, H.S.; Chou, C.J.; Luo, H.W.; Luo, M.R. Museum lighting environment: Designing a perception zone map and emotional response models. Lighting Res. Technol. 2016, 48, 589–607. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Scuello, M.; Abramov, I.; Gordon, J.; Weintraub, S. Museum lighting: Optimizing the illuminant. Color Res. Appl. 2004, 29, 121–127. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Davis, R.G.; Ginthner, D.N. Correlated color temperature illuminance level, and the Kruithof curve. J. Illum. Eng. Soc. 1990, 19, 27–38. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yoshizawa, N.; Fujiwara, T.; Miyashita, T. A Study on the Appearance of Paintings in the Museum under Violet and Blue LED; CIE: Vienna, Austria, 2012; pp. 374–381. [Google Scholar]
- Luo, H.; Chou, C.; Chen, H.; Luo, M.R. Using LED technology to build up museum lighting environment. In Proceedings of the 12th Conference of AIC Colour, Tyne, UK, 8–12 July 2013; pp. 1757–1760. [Google Scholar]
- Khanh, T.Q.; Bodrogi, P.; Guo, X.; Anh, P.Q. Towards a user preference model for interior lighting Part 1: Concept of the user preference model and experimental method. Lighting Res. Technol. 2019, 51, 1014–1029. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Khanh, T.Q.; Bodrogi, P.; Guo, X.; Anh, P.Q. Towards a user preference model for interior lighting. Part 2: Experimental results and modeling. Lighting Res. Technol. 2019, 51, 1030–1043. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, Z.; Nagai, Y. Research into the Improvement of Museum Visitor’s Emotional Response Levels to Artificial Lighting Designs Based on Interdisciplinary Creativity. Creat. Innov. 2018, 2018, 330–346. [Google Scholar]
- Dang, R.; Tan, H.; Liu, G.; Wang, N.; Li, D.J.; Zhang, H.B. Influence of illumination on inorganic pigments used in Chinese traditional paintings based on Raman spectroscopy. Lighting Res. Technol. 2019. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kruithof, A.A. Tubular luminance lamps for general illumination. Philips Tech. Rev. 1941, 6, 65–96. [Google Scholar]
- Liang, J.; Sun, L.; Huo, L.J.; Yao, B.Y.; Zhang, Y.Y. Effects of commodity packaging color and lighting source on consumer perception. Chin. J. Packag. 2018, 4, 1–7. [Google Scholar]
- Fotios, S.; Chan, A.; Engelke, U.; Hanselaer, P.; Houser, K.; Logadottir, A.; Nagy, B.; Niall, K.; da Pos, O.; Simmons, D.; et al. Guidance towards Best Practice in Psychophysical Procedures Used when Measuring Relative Spatial Brightness; CIE: Vienna, Austria, 2014. [Google Scholar]
- Zhai, Q.Y.; Luo, M.R.; Liu, X.Y. The impact of LED lighting parameters on viewing fine art paintings. Lighting Res. Technol. 2016, 48, 711–725. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhai, Q.Y.; Luo, M.R.; Liu, X.Y. The impact of illuminance and colour temperature on viewing fine art paintings under LED lighting. Lighting Res. Technol. 2015, 47, 795–809. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Choice by Observer SCORE | Comfort 1 | Comfort 2 | Comfort 3 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | |
Meaning | Extremely not comfort | Not comfort | Less comfort |
Choice by observer Score | Comfort 4 | Comfort 5 | Comfort 6 |
4 | 5 | 6 | |
Meaning | Relatively comfort | Comfort | Very comfort |
CV | Comfort | Clarity | Preference | Warmth |
---|---|---|---|---|
Environment 1 | 19.86 | 17.87 | 16.58 | 17.23 |
Environment 2 | 18.92 | 14.05 | 14.96 | 13.81 |
Environment 3 | 13.39 | 13.54 | 12.41 | 20.16 |
No. | CCT (K) | ∆C* | Illuminance (lx) | CP | SP | Ra |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2188 | −0.08 | 84 | 7.82 | 8.96 | 96 |
2 | 2903 | 1.08 | 115 | 29.89 | 30.11 | 90 |
3 | 3671 | 0.41 | 538 | 61.17 | 63.98 | 93 |
Name | r | p-Value |
---|---|---|
CP | 0.9996 | 0.0172 |
SP | 1.0000 | 0.0040 |
Evaluation Items | F Value | Significant |
---|---|---|
Comfort | 14.569 | 0.000 |
Clarity | 52.928 | 0.000 |
Preference | 16.506 | 0.000 |
Warmth | 14.093 | 0.000 |
Correlation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lighting-Environment | Comfort | Clarity | Preference | Warmth | ||
Lighting-environment | Pearson correlation | 1 | 0.997 ** | 0.974 | 0.992 | −0.983 |
Significant | 0.047 | 0.146 | 0.080 | 0.118 | ||
Comfort | Pearson correlation | 1 | 0.988 | 0.980 | −0.994 | |
Significant | 0.099 | 0.127 | 0.071 | |||
Clarity | Pearson correlation | 1 | 0.938 | −0.999 * | ||
Significant | 0.226 | 0.028 | ||||
Preference | Pearson correlation | 1 | −0.952 | |||
Significant | 0.198 | |||||
Warmth | Pearson correlation | 1 | ||||
Significant |
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Wang, Z.; Nagai, Y.; Liu, J.; Zou, N.; Liang, J. Artificial Lighting Environment Evaluation of the Japan Museum of Art Based on the Emotional Response of Observers. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10031121
Wang Z, Nagai Y, Liu J, Zou N, Liang J. Artificial Lighting Environment Evaluation of the Japan Museum of Art Based on the Emotional Response of Observers. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10(3):1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10031121
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Zhisheng, Yukari Nagai, Jiahui Liu, Nianyu Zou, and Jing Liang. 2020. "Artificial Lighting Environment Evaluation of the Japan Museum of Art Based on the Emotional Response of Observers" Applied Sciences 10, no. 3: 1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10031121
APA StyleWang, Z., Nagai, Y., Liu, J., Zou, N., & Liang, J. (2020). Artificial Lighting Environment Evaluation of the Japan Museum of Art Based on the Emotional Response of Observers. Applied Sciences, 10(3), 1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10031121