Comparison of Support Vector Machine, Bayesian Logistic Regression, and Alternating Decision Tree Algorithms for Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Mapping along a Mountainous Road in the West of Iran

Nhu, Viet-Ha; Zandi, Danesh; Shahabi, Himan; Chapi, Kamran; Shirzadi, Ataollah; Al-Ansari, Nadhir; Singh, Sushant K.; Dou, Jie; Nguyen, Hoang

doi:10.3390/app10155047

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Comparison of Support Vector Machine, Bayesian Logistic Regression, and Alternating Decision Tree Algorithms for Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Mapping along a Mountainous Road in the West of Iran

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and

Hoang Nguyen

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Geographic Information Science Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam

Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam

Department of Geomorphology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran

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Board Member of Department of Zrebar Lake Environmental Research, Kurdistan Studies Institute, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran

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Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran

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Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 97187 Lulea, Sweden

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Virtusa Corporation, 10 Marshall Street, Irvington, NJ 07111, USA

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Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1, Kami-Tomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan

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Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam

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Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(15), 5047; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155047

Received: 7 June 2020 / Revised: 14 July 2020 / Accepted: 20 July 2020 / Published: 22 July 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning Techniques Applied to Geospatial Big Data)

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Abstract

This paper aims to apply and compare the performance of the three machine learning algorithms–support vector machine (SVM), bayesian logistic regression (BLR), and alternating decision tree (ADTree)–to map landslide susceptibility along the mountainous road of the Salavat Abad saddle, Kurdistan province, Iran. We identified 66 shallow landslide locations, based on field surveys, by recording the locations of the landslides by a global position System (GPS), Google Earth imagery and black-and-white aerial photographs (scale 1: 20,000) and 19 landslide conditioning factors, then tested these factors using the information gain ratio (IGR) technique. We checked the validity of the models using statistical metrics, including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, kappa, root mean square error (RMSE), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). We found that, although all three machine learning algorithms yielded excellent performance, the SVM algorithm (AUC = 0.984) slightly outperformed the BLR (AUC = 0.980), and ADTree (AUC = 0.977) algorithms. We observed that not only all three algorithms are useful and effective tools for identifying shallow landslide-prone areas but also the BLR algorithm can be used such as the SVM algorithm as a soft computing benchmark algorithm to check the performance of the models in future. View Full-Text

Keywords: shallow landslides; machine learning; goodness-of-fit; support vector machine; bayesian logistic regression; Kurdistan; Iran

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Nhu, V.-H.; Zandi, D.; Shahabi, H.; Chapi, K.; Shirzadi, A.; Al-Ansari, N.; Singh, S.K.; Dou, J.; Nguyen, H. Comparison of Support Vector Machine, Bayesian Logistic Regression, and Alternating Decision Tree Algorithms for Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Mapping along a Mountainous Road in the West of Iran. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 5047. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155047

AMA Style

Nhu V-H, Zandi D, Shahabi H, Chapi K, Shirzadi A, Al-Ansari N, Singh SK, Dou J, Nguyen H. Comparison of Support Vector Machine, Bayesian Logistic Regression, and Alternating Decision Tree Algorithms for Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Mapping along a Mountainous Road in the West of Iran. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10(15):5047. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155047

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nhu, Viet-Ha, Danesh Zandi, Himan Shahabi, Kamran Chapi, Ataollah Shirzadi, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Sushant K. Singh, Jie Dou, and Hoang Nguyen. 2020. "Comparison of Support Vector Machine, Bayesian Logistic Regression, and Alternating Decision Tree Algorithms for Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Mapping along a Mountainous Road in the West of Iran" Applied Sciences 10, no. 15: 5047. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155047

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Comparison of Support Vector Machine, Bayesian Logistic Regression, and Alternating Decision Tree Algorithms for Shallow Landslide Susceptibility Mapping along a Mountainous Road in the West of Iran

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