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Environments
Volume 13
Issue 5
10.3390/environments13050272
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

An Innovative Technical Solution for the Extraction and Disposal of Hazardous Industrial Waste for Landfill Decommissioning

by
Nadejda G. Vurdova
1,*,
Tatyana I. Ovchinnikova
1,
Svetlana V. Tertychnaya
1,
Alexandra A. Kulikova
1,
Valeriia D. Meshchanova
1,
Petr Yu. Vurdov
1,
Yuri A. Birman
2,
Maria V. Krotova
3 and
Anastasia A. Yakusheva
3
1
National Research Technological University MISIS, 119049 Moscow, Russia
2
JSC UniEcoprom, 142306 Moscow, Russia
3
BMT Ltd., 600033 Vladimir, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Environments 2026, 13(5), 272; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments13050272
Submission received: 31 March 2026 / Revised: 8 May 2026 / Accepted: 10 May 2026 / Published: 13 May 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circular Economy in Waste Management: Challenges and Opportunities)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The problem of industrial waste disposal is becoming increasingly pressing. For a long time, one of the primary methods of managing hazardous industrial waste was to dispose of it for long periods (decades) in engineered landfills. However, over time, due to various climatic, geological, and other changes, landfills begin to cause significant harm to the environment and human health. Old landfills, many built in the mid-20th century, pollute the air, soil, and groundwater. Therefore, the issue of decommissioning “old” landfills is becoming increasingly pressing. This study aimed to develop technological solutions for the safe extraction and processing of hazardous liquid waste from an aged industrial landfill. An integrated treatment chain was designed, comprising extraction, multi-barrier water treatment, vacuum evaporation, and lithification. Optimal lithification compositions were identified: for the salt concentrate–sludge–spent media mixture, a ratio of 68.2% sorbent D, 28.0% salt concentrate, and 3.8% dewatered sludge/spent media yielded a loose granular geocomposite; for oil-containing waste, the optimal ratio using lime and opoka was 1:0.9:0.5 (bottom sediments/CaO/opoka). Biotesting confirmed that the lithified waste is Hazard Class V (non-hazardous), whereas the untreated waste is Class III (moderately hazardous). The resulting geocomposite is suitable for on-site technical reclamation, closing the material cycle.
Keywords: hazardous waste disposal; industrial waste landfill; lithification; secondary resources; circular economy; recycling hazardous waste disposal; industrial waste landfill; lithification; secondary resources; circular economy; recycling

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vurdova, N.G.; Ovchinnikova, T.I.; Tertychnaya, S.V.; Kulikova, A.A.; Meshchanova, V.D.; Vurdov, P.Y.; Birman, Y.A.; Krotova, M.V.; Yakusheva, A.A. An Innovative Technical Solution for the Extraction and Disposal of Hazardous Industrial Waste for Landfill Decommissioning. Environments 2026, 13, 272. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments13050272

AMA Style

Vurdova NG, Ovchinnikova TI, Tertychnaya SV, Kulikova AA, Meshchanova VD, Vurdov PY, Birman YA, Krotova MV, Yakusheva AA. An Innovative Technical Solution for the Extraction and Disposal of Hazardous Industrial Waste for Landfill Decommissioning. Environments. 2026; 13(5):272. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments13050272

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vurdova, Nadejda G., Tatyana I. Ovchinnikova, Svetlana V. Tertychnaya, Alexandra A. Kulikova, Valeriia D. Meshchanova, Petr Yu. Vurdov, Yuri A. Birman, Maria V. Krotova, and Anastasia A. Yakusheva. 2026. "An Innovative Technical Solution for the Extraction and Disposal of Hazardous Industrial Waste for Landfill Decommissioning" Environments 13, no. 5: 272. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments13050272

APA Style

Vurdova, N. G., Ovchinnikova, T. I., Tertychnaya, S. V., Kulikova, A. A., Meshchanova, V. D., Vurdov, P. Y., Birman, Y. A., Krotova, M. V., & Yakusheva, A. A. (2026). An Innovative Technical Solution for the Extraction and Disposal of Hazardous Industrial Waste for Landfill Decommissioning. Environments, 13(5), 272. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments13050272

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