Social Support, Religious Endorsement, and Career Commitment: A Study on Saudi Nurses
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Nursing in Saudi Arabia
3. Perceived Social Support
4. Perceived Religious Endorsement for Nursing
“Whoever visits a patient or visits his fellow brother, an angel says: you are blessed and your steps are blessed and you have made an abode in paradise.”(Bukhari [15]) (p. 436)
“If a Muslim visits a sick Muslim in the morning seventy thousand angels invoke blessings on him till the evening; and if he visits in the evening, then seventy thousand angels invoke blessings on him till the morning, and for him, there is a garden of fruits in paradise.”(Tirmidhi [15]) (p. 437)
“If a believer comforts his fellow brother in distress, Allah will clothe him with a dress of nobility on the Day of Reckoning.”(Ibne Majah [15]) (p. 441)
5. Career Commitment
6. Research Question
- What is the effect of PSS and PRE on CC of Saudi nurses?
- What are the moderating effects of a few selected demographic and organizational factors (age, gender, marital status, education, experience, and the type of organization) on the level of PSS and CC?
7. Materials and Methods
Ethical Considerations
8. Results
8.1. Measurement Model
8.2. Structural Model
8.3. Independent Samples t-Test
9. Discussion
10. Conclusions
11. Limitations and Direction for Future Studies
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gender | Age | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | Below 30 years | Above 30 years | |
57 (39%) | 89 (61%) | 112 (77%) | 34 (23%) | |
Experience | Marital Status | |||
Below 5 Years | Above 5 Years | Single | Married | |
62 (42%) | 84 (58%) | 83 (57%) | 63 (43%) | |
Education | Organization Type | |||
Certificate | Diploma | BSc. | Public | Private |
17 (12%) | 79 (54%) | 50 (34%) | 119 (81%) | 27 (19%) |
Scale Variables | Mean | Standard Deviation | ||
Perceived Social Support (Significant Others) (PSSSO) | 4.07 | 0.65 | ||
Perceived Social Support (Family) (PSSF) | 4.06 | 0.61 | ||
Perceived Social Support (Friend) (PSSFR) | 3.92 | 0.59 | ||
Overall Perceived Social Support (PSS) | 4.02 | 0.53 | ||
Perceived Religious Endorsement (PRE) | 4.57 | 0.53 | ||
Career Commitment (CC) | 3.98 | 0.75 |
Constructs | Cronbach’s Alpha | rho_A | Composite Reliability | Average Variance Extracted (AVE) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Perceived Social Support-Family (PSSF) | 0.740 | 0.768 | 0.841 | 0.575 | |
Perceived Social Support-Friends (PSSFR) | 0.774 | 0.808 | 0.854 | 0.597 | |
Perceived Social Support-Significant Others (PSSSO) | 0.828 | 0.836 | 0.886 | 0.662 | |
Perceived Social Support (PSS) | 0.879 | 0.887 | 0.902 | 0.504 | |
Perceived Religious Endorsement (PRE) | 0.794 | 0.804 | 0.880 | 0.710 | |
Career Commitment (CC) | 0.908 | 0.915 | 0.927 | 0.646 | |
Discriminant Validly (Fornell-Larcker Criterion) | |||||
CC | PSSF | PRE | PSSFR | PSSSO | |
CC | 0.804 | ||||
PSSF | 0.470 | 0.759 | |||
PRE | 0.326 | 0.347 | 0.843 | ||
PSSFR | 0.380 | 0.552 | 0.304 | 0.773 | |
PSSSO | 0.408 | 0.651 | 0.309 | 0.612 | 0.814 |
Factors | Collinearity (VIF) | ||
---|---|---|---|
CC | R2 | Q2 | |
CC | 0.289 | 0168 | |
PSS | 1.166 | ||
PRE | 1.166 |
Scale | Gender | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male (N = 57) | Female (N = 89) | F | T (sig.) | Conclusion | |
PSS | 4.04 | 3.99 | 0.40 | 0.57 | No significant difference. |
CC | 3.92 | 4.03 | 1.17 | 0.37 | No significant difference. |
Organization Type | |||||
Govt. (N = 119) | Private (N = 27) | F | T (sig.) | ||
PSS | 4.02 | 3.99 | 0.40 | 0.82 | No significant difference |
CC | 3.91 | 4.33 | 2.53 | 0.01 | Significant difference at 0.01 level |
Age | |||||
Below 30 (N = 112) | Above 30 (N = 34) | F | T (sig.) | ||
PSS | 4.00 | 4.02 | 0.06 | 0.90 | No significant difference. |
CC | 4.04 | 3.81 | 1.43 | 0.12 | No significant difference. |
Experience | |||||
Less than 5 Years (N = 62) | More than 5 Years (N = 84) | F | T (sig.) | ||
PSS | 4.02 | 4.01 | 0.23 | 0.92 | No significant difference. |
CC | 4.10 | 3.90 | 2.30 | 0.12 | No significant difference. |
Marital Status | |||||
Single (N = 83) | Married (N = 63) | F | T (sig.) | ||
PSS | 4.00 | 4.03 | 0.09 | 0.69 | No significant difference. |
CC | 4.05 | 3.90 | 0.21 | 0.21 | No significant difference. |
Education | |||||
Certifct. (N = 17) | Diploma (N = 79) | F | T (sig.) | ||
PSS | 3.75 | 4.04 | 0.20 | 0.05 | Significant difference at 0.05 level |
CC | 3.66 | 3.99 | 0.01 | 0.10 | Significant difference at 0.10 |
Certifct. (N = 17) | BSc. (N = 50) | F | T (sig.) | ||
PSS | 3.75 | 4.06 | 0.07 | 0.05 | Significant difference at 0.05 level |
CC | 3.66 | 4.09 | 0.00 | 0.04 | Significant difference at 0.05 level |
Diploma (N = 79) | BSc. (N = 50) | F | T (sig.) | ||
PSS | 4.04 | 4.06 | 0.10 | 0.79 | No significant difference. |
CC | 3.99 | 4.09 | 0.02 | 0.49 | No significant difference. |
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Azim, M.T.; Islam, M.M. Social Support, Religious Endorsement, and Career Commitment: A Study on Saudi Nurses. Behav. Sci. 2018, 8, 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs8010008
Azim MT, Islam MM. Social Support, Religious Endorsement, and Career Commitment: A Study on Saudi Nurses. Behavioral Sciences. 2018; 8(1):8. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs8010008
Chicago/Turabian StyleAzim, Mohammad T., and Mohammad M. Islam. 2018. "Social Support, Religious Endorsement, and Career Commitment: A Study on Saudi Nurses" Behavioral Sciences 8, no. 1: 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs8010008