Effects of Social Networks in Promoting Young Adults’ Physical Activity among Different Sociodemographic Groups
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Data
2.2. Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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(n = 14,595) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Physically active | >5 times of activities/week | 53.55% | |
Age | 25–34 | 100.00% | |
Gender | Female | 53.56% | |
Male | 46.44% | ||
Race | Caucasian | 70.19% | |
Minority | 29.81% | ||
Household income | <30 K | 19.78% | |
30 K–100 K | 64.93% | ||
>100 K | 15.29% | ||
Education | Less than high | 7.64% | |
High and equivalent | 60.51% | ||
College and above | 31.84% |
Number of Classes | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
Pearson x2 | 45016.605 | 36817.718 | 33517.402 | 30367.184 | 27018.362 |
LR x2 | 23827.251 | 17680.871 | 15252.762 | 13725.754 | 12805.317 |
x2 df | 65331 | 65334 | 65314 | 65326 | 65320 |
# of parameters | 33 | 50 | 67 | 84 | 101 |
Log likelihood | −116507.357 | −113298.294 | −112079.841 | −111114.421 | −110607.208 |
AIC | 233080.714 | 226696.589 | 224293.681 | 222396.842 | 221416.417 |
BIC | 233331.130 | 227076.007 | 224802.102 | 223034.265 | 222182.842 |
Lo–Mendell–Rubin testing the null hypothesis | 1 vs. 2 Classes | 2 vs. 3 Classes | 3 vs. 4 Classes | 4 vs. 5 Classes | 5 vs. 6 Classes |
LMR probability | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Class 1 | Class 2 | Class 3 | Class 4 | Class 5 | Class 6 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
21.70% | 18.70% | 16.40% | 14.10% | 7.90% | 21.20% | |
n = 3173 | n = 2728 | n = 2393 | n = 2054 | n = 1156 | n = 3090 | |
PA | 0.571 | 0.599 | 0.473 | 0.499 | 0.543 | 0.513 |
Quality | ||||||
Mother | 0.976 | 0.875 | 0.593 | 0.924 | 0.938 | 0.956 |
Father | 0.843 | 0.627 | 0.471 | 0.28 | 0.892 | 1 |
Child(ren) | 0.595 | 0.041 | 0.716 | 0.698 | 0.049 | 0.687 |
Marriage | 0.737 | 0.602 | 0.512 | 0.529 | 0.59 | 0.641 |
Colleagues | 0.941 | 0.901 | 0.879 | 0.891 | 0.898 | 0.935 |
Size | ||||||
Siblings | 0.207 | 0.252 | 0.458 | 0.384 | 0.194 | 0.264 |
Friends | 0.823 | 0.835 | 0.612 | 0.657 | 0.796 | 0.722 |
Accessibility | ||||||
Mother | 0.026 | 0.195 | 0.06 | 1 | 0.95 | 0.947 |
Father | 0 | 0.042 | 0.13 | 0.251 | 1 | 1 |
Child(ren) | 0.983 | 0.001 | 0.971 | 0.963 | 0.001 | 0.975 |
Marriage | 0.743 | 0.473 | 0.599 | 0.398 | 0.317 | 0.531 |
Frequency | ||||||
Mother | 1 | 0.968 | 0.896 | 0.994 | 0.994 | 0.998 |
Father | 0.972 | 0.881 | 0.797 | 0.854 | 0.976 | 0.998 |
Child(ren) | 1 | 0.007 | 0.997 | 0.998 | 0.009 | 0.999 |
Neighbors | 0.717 | 0.667 | 0.763 | 0.89 | 0.837 | 0.886 |
Covariate | Class 1 (sig < 0.01) | Class 2 (sig < 0.01) | Class 3 (sig < 0.01) | Class 4 (sig < 0.01) | Class 5 (sig < 0.01) | Class 6 (sig < 0.01) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender_Female | 0.97 | 0.63 ** | 1.34 ** | 1.53 ** | 0.66 ** | 1.09 * |
Race_Minority | 0.59 ** | 0.98 | 1.45 ** | 1.79 ** | 0.84 * | 0.82 ** |
Education_Higher | 1.78 ** | 2.52 ** | 0.55 ** | 0.51 ** | 1.01 | 0.64 ** |
Income_Higher | 1.18 ** | 0.92 * | 0.79 ** | 0.79 ** | 1.36 ** | 1.18 ** |
Intercept | 0.11 ** | 0.06 ** | 0.45 ** | 0.25 ** | 0.11 ** | 0.59 ** |
Odds Ratio | 95%CI | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Quality | ||||
Mother | 0.98 | 0.94–1.02 | ||
Father | 1.14 * | 1.00–1.18 | ||
Child(ren) | 1.05 | 0.99–1.12 | ||
Spouse | 1.21 * | 1.00–1.25 | ||
Colleagues | 1.08 * | 1.01–1.15 | ||
Size | ||||
Siblings | 1.00 | 0.98–1.03 | ||
Friends | 1.15 ** | 1.08–1.22 | ||
Accessibility | ||||
Mother | 1.13 | 0.92–1.38 | ||
Father | 0.79 * | 0.65–0.97 | ||
Child(ren) | 1.01 | 0.70–1.48 | ||
Spouse | 0.86 * | 0.74–1.00 | ||
Frequency | ||||
Mother | 1.02 | 0.98–1.07 | ||
Father | 0.98 | 0.95–1.02 | ||
Child(ren) | 0.99 | 0.83–1.17 | ||
Neighbors | 1.06 * | 1.01–1.11 | ||
MHHI | ||||
30–100 k | 1.01 | 0.86–1.18 | ||
>100 k | 1.11 | 0.88–1.40 | ||
Education | ||||
High school equ | 0.93 | 0.75–1.16 | ||
>High school | 0.92 | 0.71–1.19 | ||
Gender_Female | 0.68 ** | 0.59–0.77 | ||
Race_Minority | 0.88 * | 0.76–1.01 | ||
Cons | 0.23 | 0.00 | ||
Pseudo R2 | 0.17 | 111.32 | p < 0.00 |
Coefficients | Gender | Race | Income | Education | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | White | Minority | <30 K | 30–100 K | >100 K | <High School | High School | ≥ | |
College | ||||||||||
Mother | ||||||||||
Accessibility | 309.88 * | 246.59 * | 346.49 ** | 266.99 | 237.08 | 301.03 * | 217.4 | 227.77 | 258.15 | 251.85 * |
Frequency | 400.28 | 342.75 | 365.23 | 357.59 | 324.63 | 386.1 | 292.1 | 320.19 | 398.32 | 322.08 |
Quality | 262.34 | 319.48 | 289.04 | 263.89 | 287.24 | 272.38 | 332.37 * | 387.81 ** | 287.38 | 186.88 |
Father | ||||||||||
Accessibility | 358.76 * | 293.49 ** | 364.28 ** | 273.22 | 285.14 ** | 368.72 ** | 222.08 | 266.11 ** | 319.96 ** | 263.74 * |
Frequency | 371.27 | 396.75 | 397.89 | 462.79 | 328.74 | 424.34 | 302.99 | 302.73 | 378.77 | 323.26 |
Quality | 416.68 ** | 391.13 ** | 397.240 * | 373.31 | 249.85 | 319.76 | 349.37 ** | 235.32 | 510.41 ** | 255.38 |
Children | ||||||||||
Accessibility | 52.2 | 84.04 ** | 80.29 ** | 60.37 * | 55.62 * | 65.88 * | 42.58 | 48.66 | 74.34 ** | 61.52 ** |
Frequency | 166.43 | 237.26 ** | 160.6 | 228.41 | 179.75 * | 147.13 | 176.09 | 109.26 | 156.16 | 148.7 |
Quality | 432.57 | 282.71 | 439.85 | 636.34 ** | 361.65 ** | 399.51 ** | 262.21 * | 307.24 | 353.08 * | 346.97 ** |
Spouses | ||||||||||
Accessibility | 110.94 ** | 36.2 | 88.26 ** | 55.37 | 50.81 * | 96.40 ** | 25.13 | 43.87 | 76.74 ** | 48.35 |
Quality | 725.26 * | 532.01 ** | 59.06 * | 36.28 | 283.13 ** | 286.89 ** | 257.16 * | 881.14 | 616.16 * | 206.36 ** |
Siblings | ||||||||||
Size | 1200 ** | 555.99 | 816.42 | 865.04 | 670.48 | 968.41 ** | 804.42 ** | 555.71 | 883.91 | 658.54 * |
Friends | ||||||||||
Size | 269.47 ** | 236.65 ** | 323.54 ** | 188.69 | 181.39 * | 304.53 ** | 149.88 | 153.46 | 262.36 ** | 181.17 * |
Colleagues | ||||||||||
Quality | 160.41 | 154.86 | 173.69 | 289.59 ** | 108.11 | 176.05 | 129.02 | 142.61 | 210.19 * | 112.45 |
Neighbors | ||||||||||
Frequency | 343.49 ** | 167.1 | 319.35 ** | 272.91 | 223.83 * | 296.79 ** | 194.63 | 206.57 | 272.41 ** | 205.94 |
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Du, T.; Li, Y. Effects of Social Networks in Promoting Young Adults’ Physical Activity among Different Sociodemographic Groups. Behav. Sci. 2022, 12, 345. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12090345
Du T, Li Y. Effects of Social Networks in Promoting Young Adults’ Physical Activity among Different Sociodemographic Groups. Behavioral Sciences. 2022; 12(9):345. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12090345
Chicago/Turabian StyleDu, Ting, and Yingru Li. 2022. "Effects of Social Networks in Promoting Young Adults’ Physical Activity among Different Sociodemographic Groups" Behavioral Sciences 12, no. 9: 345. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12090345
APA StyleDu, T., & Li, Y. (2022). Effects of Social Networks in Promoting Young Adults’ Physical Activity among Different Sociodemographic Groups. Behavioral Sciences, 12(9), 345. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12090345