Pasture Access Affects Behavioral Indicators of Wellbeing in Dairy Cows
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethics
2.2. Subjects and Housing
2.3. Procedure and Treatments
2.4. Data Preparation
2.5. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Score | Description of Cow Behavior | Classification | No. Subjects |
---|---|---|---|
0 | Walks with even weight bearing and rhythm on all four feet, with a flat back; long, fluid strides possible | Non-lame | 4 |
1 | Steps uneven or strides shortened; affected limb or limbs not immediately identifiable | Non-lame | 15 |
2 | Uneven weight bearing on an immediately identifiable limb or obviously shortened strides (usually with an arched back) | Lame | 8 |
3 | Unable to walk as fast as a brisk human pace; lame leg easy to identify—limping; may barely stand on lame leg/s; back arched when standing and walking | Lame | 2 |
Testing Period | Mean Temperature (°C) | Maximum Temperature (°C) | Sunshine Suration (h/d) | Relative Humidity ≥ 90% (h/d) | Rainfall (mm/d) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 15.7 | 30.0 | 8.8 | 4.9 | 0.0 |
2 | 15.8 | 25.8 | 2.9 | 8.9 | 5.5 |
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Crump, A.; Jenkins, K.; Bethell, E.J.; Ferris, C.P.; Arnott, G. Pasture Access Affects Behavioral Indicators of Wellbeing in Dairy Cows. Animals 2019, 9, 902. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9110902
Crump A, Jenkins K, Bethell EJ, Ferris CP, Arnott G. Pasture Access Affects Behavioral Indicators of Wellbeing in Dairy Cows. Animals. 2019; 9(11):902. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9110902
Chicago/Turabian StyleCrump, Andrew, Kirsty Jenkins, Emily J. Bethell, Conrad P. Ferris, and Gareth Arnott. 2019. "Pasture Access Affects Behavioral Indicators of Wellbeing in Dairy Cows" Animals 9, no. 11: 902. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9110902