Clinical and Clinico-Pathological Observations of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Dogs Affected by Leishmaniosis and Monitored During Antileishmanial Treatment
Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Enrollment of Dogs
2.3. Laboratory Assays
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Number of Dogs, Samples Collected and Type of Treatment
3.2. Number, Signalment, and Clinical Classification of Enrolled Dogs
3.3. Comparison of Measurements at Times T1 and T3
3.4. Comparison of Measurements at T1, T2, and T3
3.5. Comparison of Percentages of Values Outside the Reference Interval
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Breed | N | Age | Sex | N |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mixed | 19 | Median 4 years | Males intact | 26 |
English setter | 5 | |||
French Bouledogue | 4 | Range 2–14 years | Males castrated | 4 |
Boxer | 3 | |||
Chihuahua, Siberian husky, and Pug (two each) | 6 | Females intact | 4 | |
American Staffordshire, Corso, Espagneul Breton, Dobermann, Poodle, Yorkshire terrier (1 each) | 6 | Females spayed | 9 |
Main Clinical Problem/s or Sign/s | N | |
---|---|---|
Weight loss and skin disease | 7 | |
Skin disease and lymphadenopathy | 5 | CLWG |
Weight loss and epistaxis | 4 | Stage D |
Polyarthritis and lymphadenopathy and weight loss and enteropathy (two each) | 4 | N = 23 |
Skin disease, weight loss, and weight loss and enteropathy (one each) | 3 | |
Weight loss | 9 | CLWG |
Weight loss and enteropathy | 4 | Stage C |
Weight loss and skin disease | 3 | N = 20 |
Enteropathy, enteropathy and lymphadenopathy, polyarthritis, and skin disease (one each) | 4 |
Parameter (Units) | Reference Interval | N | Before Treatment (T1) Median (I–III IQR) | End Treatment (T3) Median (I–III IQR) | p * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ESR (mm/h) | <10 | 43 | 45.0 (21.3–55.8) | 15.0 (12.0–38.0) | <0.0001 |
Hematocrit (%) | 37.3–61.7 | 43 | 35.2 (27.8–40.5) | 40.9 (35.8–45.3) | <0.0001 |
WBC (×10³/µL) | 5.05–16.76 | 43 | 8.70 (6.25–11.60) | 8.32 (6.81–11.65) | ns |
CRP (mg/L) | 0–0.15 | 43 | 8.4 (1.8–23.4) | 1.2 (0.1–7.2) | <0.0001 |
Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 104–342 | 34 | 353 (258–512) | 242 (196–317) | <0.0001 |
Iron (µg/dL) | 70–270 | 43 | 80 (59–100) | 99 (84–127) | 0.001 |
Ferritin (ng/mL) | 95–287 | 43 | 569 (327–708) | 327 (201–392) | <0.0001 |
HPT (mg/dL) | 18–117 | 34 | 203 (108–302) | 138 (76–211) | 0.016 |
Total proteins (g/dL) | 5.5–7.6 | 43 | 7.82 (7.07–9.22) | 7.02 (6.71–7.83) | <0.0001 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 2.4–3.8 | 43 | 2.37 (1.91–2.69) | 2.65 (2.28–2.82) | <0.0002 |
A/G ratio | 0.6–1.3 | 43 | 0.41 (0.29–0.63) | 0.62 (0.46–0.71) | <0.0001 |
G-glob (%) | 5–15 | 43 | 30.0 (19.5–42.6) | 19.5 (13.7–31.6) | <0.0001 |
IgG (mg/dL) | 307–787 | 40 | 1494 (789–2274) | 849 (526–1366) | <0.0001 |
IgM (mg/dL) | 64–176 | 40 | 194 (126–260) | 172 (115–234) | 0.027 |
Parameter (Units) § | N | Before Treat. T1 Median (I–III IQR) | Middle Treat. T2 Median (I–III IQR) | End Treat. T3 Median (I–III IQR) | p | p * T1 vs. T2 | p * T1 vs. T3 | p * T2 vs. T3 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ESR (mm/h) | 22 | 42.5 (20.7–55.5) | 39.0 (17.8–47.2) | 15.0 (11.0–36.2) | 0.001 | ns | 0.0004 | 0.003 |
Hematocrit (%) | 22 | 33.0 (24.7–37.9) | 36.8 (31.8–39.6) | 38.1 (34.0–42.5) | 0.0004 | 0.007 | 0.0002 | 0.012 |
WBC (K/µL) | 22 | 9.05 (6.99–13.74) | 9.19 (7.45–12.50) | 9.13 (6.98–12.12) | ns | -- | -- | -- |
CRP (mg/L) | 22 | 4.3 (1.1–10.5) | 1.7 (0.2–9.8) | 1.1 (0.4–2.6) | 0.035 | ns | 0.0007 | ns |
Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 15 | 265 (245–418) | 318 (245–374) | 215 (191–270) | 0.015 | ns | 0.006 | 0.011 |
Iron (µg/dL) | 22 | 78 (59–109) | 95 (71–119) | 107 (88–130) | 0.042 | ns | 0.042 | ns |
Ferritin (ng/mL) | 22 | 586 (471–715) | 347 (287–628) | 341 (200–415) | <0.0001 | 0.009 | <0.0001 | 0.005 |
Haptoglobin (mg/dL) | 15 | 251 (114–306) | 282 (190–327) | 179 (83–292) | 0.002 | ns | ns | 0.001 |
Total Proteins (g/dL) | 22 | 8.93 (7.39–10.53) | 8.40 (7.11–9.63) | 7.24 (6.23–8.45) | <0.0001 | ns | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 22 | 2.40 (1.96–2.64) | 2.59 (2.38–2.83) | 2.65 (2.41–2.78) | 0.004 | 0.002 | 0.0004 | ns |
A/G | 22 | 0.39 (0.26–0.58) | 0.50 (0.33–0.60) | 0.58 (0.46–0.79) | <0.0001 | 0.012 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
G-glob (%) | 21 | 41.8 (25.8–50.9) | 30.7 (19.4–44.6) | 20.5 (16.4–35.6) | <0.0001 | 0.0003 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
IgG (mg/dL) | 18 | 2136 (791–2790) | 1563 (857–2161) | 1128 (476–1843) | <0.0001 | 0.003 | <0.0001 | 0.008 |
IgM (mg/dL) | 18 | 131 (80–191) | 145 (108–194) | 151 (108–179) | ns | - | - | - |
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Lubas, G.; Paltrinieri, S.; Papini, R.A.; Lensi, I.; Benali, S.; Cortadellas, O.; Fondati, A.; Roura, X.; Zini, E. Clinical and Clinico-Pathological Observations of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Dogs Affected by Leishmaniosis and Monitored During Antileishmanial Treatment. Animals 2025, 15, 1716. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15121716
Lubas G, Paltrinieri S, Papini RA, Lensi I, Benali S, Cortadellas O, Fondati A, Roura X, Zini E. Clinical and Clinico-Pathological Observations of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Dogs Affected by Leishmaniosis and Monitored During Antileishmanial Treatment. Animals. 2025; 15(12):1716. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15121716
Chicago/Turabian StyleLubas, George, Saverio Paltrinieri, Roberto Amerigo Papini, Ilaria Lensi, Silvia Benali, Oscar Cortadellas, Alessandra Fondati, Xavier Roura, and Eric Zini. 2025. "Clinical and Clinico-Pathological Observations of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Dogs Affected by Leishmaniosis and Monitored During Antileishmanial Treatment" Animals 15, no. 12: 1716. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15121716
APA StyleLubas, G., Paltrinieri, S., Papini, R. A., Lensi, I., Benali, S., Cortadellas, O., Fondati, A., Roura, X., & Zini, E. (2025). Clinical and Clinico-Pathological Observations of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Dogs Affected by Leishmaniosis and Monitored During Antileishmanial Treatment. Animals, 15(12), 1716. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15121716