Effect of Spirulina platensis Supplementation on Reproductive Parameters of Sahrawi and Jabbali Goat Bucks
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethics Statement
2.2. Animal Management and Experimental Design
2.3. Testicular Measurements and Libido Testing
2.4. Semen Collection
2.5. Semen Evaluation
2.6. Sperm Individual Motility
2.7. Sperm Morphology and Sperm Viability
2.8. Blood Collection and Analysis
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nutrients (In Dry Matter) | Concentrate (%) | SP (%) | Rhodes Grass Hay (%) |
---|---|---|---|
DM | 90.0 | 95.1 | 89.70 |
CP | 14.0 | 62.48 | 7.22 |
CF | 9.8 | 2.9 | 34.3 |
EE | 2.5 | 1.05 | 1.00 |
Ash | 9.2 | 7.55 | 9.80 |
NFE | 64.5 | 26.02 | 47.7 |
NDF | 28.60 | 1.92 | 74.00 |
ADF | 11.42 | 0.37 | 46.7 |
ME; MJ/kg DM | 11.97 | 11.63 | 8.30 |
Parameters | Jabbali | Sahrawi | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Con | T1 | T2 | Con | T1 | T2 | |
Body weight (54 weeks) | 24.55 ± 0.82 | 24.85 ± 0.58 | 24.48 ± 1.33 | 19.65 ± 0.80 | 21.73 ± 0.84 | 22.36 ± 1.24 |
Scrotal circumference | 19.58 ± 0.28 | 19.22 ± 0.30 | 19.72 ± 0.36 | 17.41 ± 0.32 b | 18.02 ± 0.32 a | 18.11 ± 0.25 a |
Reaction time (libido) | 68.75 ± 21.54 a | 21.16 ± 4.43 b | 12.00 ± 1.91 b | 39.83 ± 8.32 a | 19.50 ± 6.30 b | 10.50 ± 1.17 b |
Parameters | Jabbali | Sahrawi | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Con | T1 | T2 | Con | T1 | T2 | |
Volume (mL) | 0.37 ± 0.01 b | 0.59 ± 0.02 a | 0.52 ± 0.03 a | 0.41 ± 0.02 c | 0.64 ± 0.03 b | 0.79 ± 0.04 a |
PH | 7.66 ± 0.06 a | 7.44 ± 0.07 a,b | 7.63 ± 0.07 b | 7.40 ± 0.06 | 7.26 ± 0.07 | 7.37 ± 0.07 |
Mass activity (1–4) | 2.52 ± 0.14 a,b | 2.83 ± 0.17 a | 2.14 ± 0.15 b | 2.88 ± 0.17 | 3.05 ± 0.14 | 3.14 ± 0.16 |
Concentration (106sperm/mL) | 455.06 ± 118.43 | 704.41 ± 144.48 | 522.03 ± 146.50 | 925.09 ± 130.82 b | 1313.11 ± 147.91 a,b | 1490.74 ± 169.59 a |
Total sperm/ejaculate (×106) | 182.06 ± 51.95 | 416.47 ± 80.70 | 330.40 ± 98.06 | 406.84 ± 68.40 c | 945.55 ± 130.13 b | 1320.17 ± 181.28 a |
Sperm viability (live vs. dead %) | 29.26 ± 3.92 | 38.02 ± 5.07 | 25.03 ± 4.33 | 53.51 ± 4.61 | 56.08 ± 4.17 | 59.62 ± 4.50 |
Abnormal spermatozoa (%) | 30.91 ± 1.90 a | 23.37 ± 1.94 b | 19.57 ± 1.83 b | 25.13 ± 1.68 a | 15.61 ± 1.22 b | 13.48 ± 1.14 b |
Parameters | Jabbali | Sahrawi | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Con | T1 | T2 | Con | T1 | T2 | |
Progressive motility (%) | 31.77 ± 2.71 a,b | 37.68 ± 3.04 a | 29.15 ± 2.51 b | 38.97 ± 1.71 | 34.22 ± 1.99 | 35.01 ± 1.91 |
Total motility | 58.70 ± 3.15 | 67.65 ± 3.55 | 64.31 ± 4.02 | 77.53 ± 2.02 | 72.70 ± 3.28 | 76.15 ± 3.50 |
Path velocity | 56.71 ± 3.28 | 51.73 ± 5.13 | 51.25 ± 3.48 | 48.53 ± 1.97 | 56.43 ± 2.73 | 52.70 ± 3.23 |
Progressive velocity | 48.76 ± 3.33 b | 43.17 ± 4.63 b | 53.97 ± 3.21 a | 113.04 ± 6.07 b | 136.25 ± 7.29 a | 128.76 ± 9.01 a,b |
Track speed | 90.35 ± 5.25 | 82.93 ± 8.63 | 76.61 ± 5.47 | 80.78 ± 3.96 b | 96.34 ± 4.77 a | 90.73 ± 6.04 a,b |
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Al-Yahyaey, F.; Stephen, C.; Al-Shukaili, Y.; Al-Bulushi, S.; Shaat, I.; Bush, R. Effect of Spirulina platensis Supplementation on Reproductive Parameters of Sahrawi and Jabbali Goat Bucks. Animals 2023, 13, 3405. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13213405
Al-Yahyaey F, Stephen C, Al-Shukaili Y, Al-Bulushi S, Shaat I, Bush R. Effect of Spirulina platensis Supplementation on Reproductive Parameters of Sahrawi and Jabbali Goat Bucks. Animals. 2023; 13(21):3405. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13213405
Chicago/Turabian StyleAl-Yahyaey, Fahad, Cyril Stephen, Yasir Al-Shukaili, Samir Al-Bulushi, Ihab Shaat, and Russell Bush. 2023. "Effect of Spirulina platensis Supplementation on Reproductive Parameters of Sahrawi and Jabbali Goat Bucks" Animals 13, no. 21: 3405. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13213405
APA StyleAl-Yahyaey, F., Stephen, C., Al-Shukaili, Y., Al-Bulushi, S., Shaat, I., & Bush, R. (2023). Effect of Spirulina platensis Supplementation on Reproductive Parameters of Sahrawi and Jabbali Goat Bucks. Animals, 13(21), 3405. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13213405