Immunoexpression of Trefoil Factor 1 in Non-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Canine Gastric Tissues
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethics Statement
2.2. Sample Collection
2.3. Histological Evaluation
2.4. Immunohistochemistry
2.5. Protein Extraction and Western Blotting
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Case Details
3.2. Specificity of the Monoclonal Antibody
3.3. Immunohistochemistry
3.3.1. Normal Gastric Mucosa
3.3.2. Gastric Polyps
3.3.3. Non-neoplastic Gastric Mucosa Adjacent to Carcinomas
3.3.4. Gastric Carcinomas
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Case | Breed | Sex/Age (Years) | Location of the Lesion | Histological Diagnosis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Boxer | M/10 | N/A | Normal mucosa | |
2 | Basset hound | F/9 | N/A | Normal mucosa | |
3 | Yorkshire terrier | M/3 | N/A | Normal mucosa | |
4 | Crossbreed | M/16 | Body | Inflammatory polyp | |
5 | Poodle | M/12 | Antrum | Hyperplastic polyp | |
6 | Boxer | M/10 | Antrum | Hyperplastic polyp | |
7 | German shepherd | M/9 | Antrum | Inflammatory polyp | |
8 | Irish setter | F/12 | Antrum | Hyperplastic polyp | |
9 | Argentine mastiff | F/9 | Antrum | Hyperplastic polyp | |
10 | Poodle | M/13 | Antrum | Inflammatory polyp | |
11 | Crossbreed | F/16 | Antrum | Hyperplastic polyp | |
WHO [31] | Lauren [32] | ||||
12 | Basset hound | F/12 | Antrum | Tubular | Intestinal |
13 | Cocker spaniel | M/13 | Antrum | Signet ring cell | Diffuse |
14 | Chow-chow | F/11 | Antrum | Mixed | Indeterminate |
15 | Shih Tzu | F/10 | Antrum | Poorly cohesive | Diffuse |
16 | Chow-chow | M/10 | Antrum | Signet ring cell | Diffuse |
17 | English bulldog | M/6 | Body | Signet ring cell | Diffuse |
18 | Labrador retriever | F/14 | Body | Tubular | Intestinal |
19 | Shar-pei | M/5 | Body | Signet ring cell | Diffuse |
20 | Belgian shepherd | F/11 | Body | Mixed | Indeterminate |
21 | Golden retriever | M/14 | Body | Signet ring cell | Diffuse |
22 | Labrador retriever | M/8 | Antrum | Mixed | Indeterminate |
23 | Siberian husky | F/12 | Antrum | Tubular | Intestinal |
24 | Crossbreed | M/10 | Body | Mucinous | Diffuse |
25 | Crossbreed | F/8 | Body | Poorly cohesive | Diffuse |
26 | Siberian husky | M/13 | Antrum | Tubular | Intestinal |
27 | Crossbreed (X German shepherd) | F/13 | Body | Poorly cohesive | Diffuse |
28 | Akita | M/9 | Body | Poorly cohesive | Diffuse |
29 | Collie | M/11 | Body | Mixed | Indeterminate |
30 | Alaska malamute | M/6 | ID | Signet ring cell | Diffuse |
31 | Golden retriever | M/10 | Antrum | Signet ring cell | Diffuse |
32 | Chow-chow | M/9 | Antrum | Poorly cohesive | Diffuse |
33 | Pointer | M/11 | Body | Signet ring cell | Diffuse |
34 | Collie | M/11 | Body and antrum | Poorly cohesive | Diffuse |
35 | Boxer | M/7 | Antrum | Signet ring cell | Diffuse |
36 | Crossbreed | F/7 | Antrum | Poorly cohesive | Diffuse |
37 | Chow-chow | M/6 | Body | Mucinous | Diffuse |
38 | West highland white terrier | F/13 | Antrum | Signet ring cell | Diffuse |
39 | Standard Poodle | M/8 | Antrum | Mixed | Indeterminate |
40 | Crossbreed (X Poodle) | F/9 | Antrum | Papillary | Intestinal |
41 | Miniature Poodle | F/14 | Antrum | Tubular | Intestinal |
42 | German shepherd | M/12 | Body and antrum | Poorly cohesive | Diffuse |
Parameter | No. of Cases | TFF1 Immunoreactivity | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Preserved N = 8 (25.8%) | Reduced N = 23 (74.2%) | p-Value | ||
Sex | ||||
Male | 19 | 4 (21.1) | 15 (78.9) | 0.447 |
Female | 12 | 4 (33.3) | 8 (66.7) | |
Age, years | ||||
<10 | 12 | 2 (16.7) | 10 (83.3) | 0.355 |
≥10 | 19 | 6 (31.6) | 13 (68.4) | |
Tumor location 1 | ||||
Antrum | 16 | 6 (37.5) | 10 (62.5) | 0.317 |
Body | 12 | 2 (16.7) | 10 (83.3) | |
Body + antrum | 2 | 0 (0) | 2 (100) | |
Histological diagnosis | ||||
WHO classification [31] | ||||
Well-differentiated | 6 | 3 (50) | 3 (50) | 0.132 |
Poorly/undifferentiated | 25 | 5 (20) | 20 (80) | |
Lauren [32] | ||||
Intestinal | 6 | 3 (50) | 3 (50) | 0.229 |
Diffuse | 20 | 4 (20) | 16 (80) | |
Indeterminate | 5 | 1 (20) | 4 (80) | |
Depth of tumor invasion 2 | ||||
Muscular | 10 | 3 (30) | 7 (70) | 0.457 |
Serosa | 12 | 2 (16.7) | 10 (83.3) | |
Neoplastic emboli | ||||
Present | 18 | 3 (16.7) | 15 (83.3) | 0.171 |
Absent | 13 | 5 (38.5) | 8 (61.5) | |
Metastatic lesions 3 | ||||
Present | 9 | 1 (11.1) | 8 (88.9) | 0.186 |
Absent | 17 | 6 (35.3) | 11 (64.7) |
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Flores, A.R.; Castro, M.; Rêma, A.; Mesquita, J.R.; Taulescu, M.; Gärtner, F.; Seixas, F.; Amorim, I. Immunoexpression of Trefoil Factor 1 in Non-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Canine Gastric Tissues. Animals 2021, 11, 2855. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102855
Flores AR, Castro M, Rêma A, Mesquita JR, Taulescu M, Gärtner F, Seixas F, Amorim I. Immunoexpression of Trefoil Factor 1 in Non-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Canine Gastric Tissues. Animals. 2021; 11(10):2855. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102855
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlores, Ana R., Marisa Castro, Alexandra Rêma, João R. Mesquita, Marian Taulescu, Fátima Gärtner, Fernanda Seixas, and Irina Amorim. 2021. "Immunoexpression of Trefoil Factor 1 in Non-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Canine Gastric Tissues" Animals 11, no. 10: 2855. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102855
APA StyleFlores, A. R., Castro, M., Rêma, A., Mesquita, J. R., Taulescu, M., Gärtner, F., Seixas, F., & Amorim, I. (2021). Immunoexpression of Trefoil Factor 1 in Non-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Canine Gastric Tissues. Animals, 11(10), 2855. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102855