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Animals
Volume 10
Issue 6
10.3390/ani10060997
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Article

Impact of SNPs in ACACA, SCD1, and DGAT1 Genes on Fatty Acid Profile in Bovine Milk with Regard to Lactation Phases

by
Marzena M. Kęsek-Woźniak
,
Edyta Wojtas
and
Anna E. Zielak-Steciwko
*
Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Animals 2020, 10(6), 997; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10060997
Received: 7 May 2020 / Revised: 3 June 2020 / Accepted: 4 June 2020 / Published: 8 June 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Genetics and Genomics)
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Simple Summary

Fatty acids are an important component of milk fat. Because of their wide spectrum of effects on human health, it is important to better understand the regulation of their profile in milk. This study aims to analyzing the relation between selected genes with milk fatty acid content. As increased concentration of unhealthy fatty acids and lower concentration of healthy ones in less frequent homozygotes and a strong influence of the genes on fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms were observed, these findings could be useful in future dairy cattle selection aiming production of more healthy milk.

Abstract

Milk fat is a dietary source of fatty acids (FA), which can be health promoting or can increase risks of some diseases. FA profile composition depends on many factors, among them gene polymorphism. This study analyzed the relation between polymorphism of acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACACA), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) genes with FA profile in milk from Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle and determined changes of FA percentage during lactation with regard to polymorphism. Milk samples were collected twice: during the first phase of lactation (<90 Days in milk; DIM) and at the end of lactation (>210 DIM). During the first milk collection, blood samples were taken to analyze three chosen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): AJ312201.1g.1488C > G SNP in ACACA gene, A293V SNP in SCD1 gene, and K232A SNP in DGAT1 gene. Increased concentration of FA that are less beneficial for human health and have lower concentration of healthy FA in homozygotes: GG in ACACA, VV in SCD1, and KK in DGAT1 were observed, as well as a strong influence of the analyzed genes on FA with 18C atoms was also found. Moreover, it was demonstrated that lactation phase significantly affected FA percentage in milk depending on the phenotype. These results may contribute their part to knowledge toward obtaining more beneficial milk composition. View Full-Text
Keywords: fatty acid; milk; ACACA; SCD1; DGAT1; SNPs; cattle fatty acid; milk; ACACA; SCD1; DGAT1; SNPs; cattle
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MDPI and ACS Style

Kęsek-Woźniak, M.M.; Wojtas, E.; Zielak-Steciwko, A.E. Impact of SNPs in ACACA, SCD1, and DGAT1 Genes on Fatty Acid Profile in Bovine Milk with Regard to Lactation Phases. Animals 2020, 10, 997. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10060997

AMA Style

Kęsek-Woźniak MM, Wojtas E, Zielak-Steciwko AE. Impact of SNPs in ACACA, SCD1, and DGAT1 Genes on Fatty Acid Profile in Bovine Milk with Regard to Lactation Phases. Animals. 2020; 10(6):997. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10060997

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kęsek-Woźniak, Marzena M., Edyta Wojtas, and Anna E. Zielak-Steciwko. 2020. "Impact of SNPs in ACACA, SCD1, and DGAT1 Genes on Fatty Acid Profile in Bovine Milk with Regard to Lactation Phases" Animals 10, no. 6: 997. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10060997

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