Construction and Operation of a Respiration Chamber of the Head-Box Type for Methane Measurement from Cattle
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design and System Components.
2.2. Operation of the CH4-Measurement System to Determine the Production of CH4 by Cattle.
2.3. Methane Recovery Test and Calibration of the Whole System
2.4. Analyzer Calibration
2.5. Experimental Procedure for the in vivo Measurement of CH4 Emissions
2.6. Animals and Diet
2.7. Measurement of Methane Production and Feed Digestibility
2.8. Chemical Analysis of the Feed and Stool
2.9. Comparative Costs of the Respiration Chamber
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Assay 1 | Assay 2 | Assay 3 | Assay 4 | Assay 5 | Assay 6 | Mean | Stand Dev. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Volume of air flow through the chamber, L/min | 494.7 | 500.9 | 501.4 | 501.5 | 501.5 | 499.6 | 499.9 | 2.6 |
Duration of assay, min | 30.9 | 59.0 | 22.9 | 21.0 | 19.2 | 103 | 42.9 | |
Volume of air through the chamber, m3 | 15.4 | 29.5 | 11.4 | 10.5 | 9.2 | 52.0 | 21.4 | 16.7 |
CH4 released, g | 5.3 | 7.7 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 2 | 28.5 | 8.2 | 10.1 |
CH4 measured, g | 5.2 | 8.2 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 28.5 | 8.4 | |
Ambient CH4 entering the chamber, % | 0.0031 | 0.0018 | 0.0017 | 0.0017 | 0.0016 | 0.0010 | 0.0020 | 0.0006 |
Methane recovery rate | 0.99 | 1.07 | 1.12 | 1.05 | 1.01 | 0.99 | 1.04 | 0.05 |
Variable | Heifers | Cows |
---|---|---|
Concentrate | ||
DM | 885.3 | 888.5 |
OM | 829.4 | 826.4 |
CP | 219.4 | 221.1 |
NDF | 326.4 | 340.7 |
ADF | 94.5 | 123.5 |
Hemicellulose | 231.9 | 217.2 |
Cellulose | 51.3 | 83.3 |
Lignin | 43.2 | 40.2 |
Silage | ||
DM | 366.6 | 408.4 |
CP | 121.8 | 114.7 |
NDF | 487.2 | 511.5 |
ADF | 368.5 | 377.6 |
Hemicellulose | 118.7 | 135.4 |
Cellulose | 261.5 | 314.2 |
Lignin | 106.9 | 88.6 |
GE of the whole diet | 17.0 | 16.7 |
Variable | Cows | Stand. Dev. | 95% Conf. Intervals | Heifers | Stand. Dev. | 95% Conf. Intervals |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Mean | |||||
Live weight, kg | 593.4 | 50.9 | 512–674 | 338.5 | 27.8 | 294–382 |
DMI, kg d−1 | 24.9 | 0.5 | 24–25 | 10.4 | 0.5 | 9.6–11 |
DDM intake, kg d−1 | 18.6 | 1.1 | 16–20 | 6.5 | 0.7 | 5.3–7.5 |
Digestibility of diet, % | 74.9 | 3.1 | 69–79 | 62.2 | 3.9 | 55–68 |
Gross energy intake, MJ d−1 | 424 | 8.5 | 16.9–17.1 | 173.0 | 7.8 | 160–185 |
Digestibility of gross energy, % | 76.1 | 2.7 | 71–80 | 63.8 | 4.1 | 57–70 |
CH4 emission, L d−1 | 687 | 123 | 490–882 | 248.0 | 40.0 | 184–311 |
CH4 emission, g d−1 | 492 | 88.3 | 351–632 | 177.6 | 28.6 | 132–223 |
CH4, L kg−1 of DMI | 27.6 | 4.8 | 19–35 | 24.0 | 4.8 | 16–31 |
CH4, L kg−1 DDM intake | 36.7 | 5.3 | 28–45 | 39.0 | 9.8 | 23–54 |
CH4, g kg−1 of DMI | 19.7 | 3.4 | 14–25 | 17.1 | 3.4 | 11.7–22.6 |
CH4, g kg−1 DDM intake | 26.3 | 3.8 | 20–32 | 27.9 | 7.0 | 16–39 |
CH4, g kg−1 milk | 21.1 | 3.3 | 15–26 | - | - | - |
Ym, % | 6.4 | 1.1 | 4.6–8.1 | 5.7 | 1.1 | 3.8–7.5 |
Milk yield, kg d−1 | 23.3 | 1.8 | 20–26 | - | - | - |
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Castelán Ortega, O.A.; Pedraza Beltrán, P.E.; Hernández Pineda, G.S.; Benaouda, M.; González Ronquillo, M.; T Molina, L.; Ku Vera, J.C.; Montelongo Pérez, H.D.; Vázquez Carrillo, M.F. Construction and Operation of a Respiration Chamber of the Head-Box Type for Methane Measurement from Cattle. Animals 2020, 10, 227. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020227
Castelán Ortega OA, Pedraza Beltrán PE, Hernández Pineda GS, Benaouda M, González Ronquillo M, T Molina L, Ku Vera JC, Montelongo Pérez HD, Vázquez Carrillo MF. Construction and Operation of a Respiration Chamber of the Head-Box Type for Methane Measurement from Cattle. Animals. 2020; 10(2):227. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020227
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastelán Ortega, Octavio Alonso, Paulina Elizabeth Pedraza Beltrán, Gloria Stefanny Hernández Pineda, Mohammed Benaouda, Manuel González Ronquillo, Luisa T Molina, Juan Carlos Ku Vera, Hugo Daniel Montelongo Pérez, and María Fernanda Vázquez Carrillo. 2020. "Construction and Operation of a Respiration Chamber of the Head-Box Type for Methane Measurement from Cattle" Animals 10, no. 2: 227. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020227