Combined Effect of Organic Acids and Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Listeria monocytogenes in Chicken Legs
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Preparation of L. monocytogenes Inoculum and Inoculation of Chicken
2.2. Experiment A—Packaging in Modified Atmosphere
2.3. Experiment B—Combined Treatments of Acetic, Citric or Propionic Acid and MAP
2.4. Sensorial Analysis
2.5. Microbiological Analyses and pH Determination
2.6. Gas Determination
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Modified Atmosphere Packaging
3.2. Combined Treatments of Organic Acids and MAP
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Batch | Washing Treatment | Atmosphere |
---|---|---|
C | distilled water | Air |
CA | 2% citric acid | Air |
CAMA20 | 2% citric acid | 80% N2/20% CO2 |
CAMA40 | 2% citric acid | 60% N2/40% CO2 |
CAMA60 | 2% citric acid | 40% N2/60% CO2 |
CAMAV | 2% citric acid | Vacuum |
PA | 2% propionic acid | Air |
PAMA20 | 2% propionic acid | 80% N2/20% CO2 |
PAMA40 | 2% propionic acid | 60% N2/40% CO2 |
PAMA60 | 2% propionic acid | 40% N2/60% CO2 |
PAMAV | 2% propionic acid | vacuum |
AA | 2% acetic acid | air |
AAMA20 | 2% acetic acid | 80% N2/20% CO2 |
AAMA40 | 2% acetic acid | 60% N2/40% CO2 |
AAMA60 | 2% acetic acid | 40% N2/60% CO2 |
AAMAV0 | 2% acetic acid | vacuum |
Batch | Psychrotrophs | L. monocytogenes | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
λ | µmax | R2 | λ | µmax | R2 | |
A0 | - | 0.685 ± 0.174 a | 0.953 | - | 0.745 ±0.079 a | 0.988 |
A20 | 0.249 ± 0.693 a | 0.528 ± 0.053 a | 0.992 | - | 0.588 ±0.050 bc | 0.987 |
A40 | 0.779 ± 0.557 a | 0.468 ±0.040 b | 0.994 | - | 0.578 ± 0.035 bc | 0.994 |
A60 | 1.654 ±0.425 b | 0.452 ±0.034 b | 0.995 | - | 0.543 ± 0.028 c | 0.995 |
AV | 0.717 ± 0.77 a | 0.547 ±0.063 a | 0.992 | - | 0.618 ± 0.035 b | 0.994 |
Organic Acid | Batch | Psychrotrophs | L. monocytogenes | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
λ | µmax | R2 | λ | µmax | R2 | ||
C | - | 0.660 ± 0.074a | 0.991 | - | 0.787 ± 0.036 a | 0.997 | |
Citric acid | CA | - | 0.684 ± 0.057a | 0.989 | - | 0.795 ± 0.132 a | 0.975 |
CAMA20 | 1.194 ± 1.168 a | 0.558 ± 0.097 ab | 0.972 | - | 0.497 ± 0.055 b | 0.968 | |
CAMA40 | 1.336 ± 0.521 a | 0.448 ± 0.030 bc | 0.995 | 0.662 ± 0.771 a | 0.608 ± 0.096 b | 0.969 | |
CAMA60 | 1.825 ± 1.192 a | 0.413 ± 0.067bc | 0.972 | 0.708 ± 0.595 a | 0.512 ± 0.043 bc | 0.985 | |
CAMAV | 0.715 ± 1.669 a | 0.521 ± 0.108 ab | 0.953 | - | 0.536 ± 0.058 bc | 0.973 | |
Propionic acid | PA | - | 0.606 ± 0.017a | 0.997 | 0.257 ± 0.380 a | 0.590 ± 0.033 b | 0.997 |
PAMA20 | 0.553 ± 0.710 a | 0.569 ± 0.049ab | 0.992 | 0.492 ± 0.261 a | 0.589 ± 0.019 b | 0.999 | |
PAMA40 | 0.868 ± 0.718 a | 0.520 ± 0.047b | 0.987 | 0.634 ± 0.289 a | 0.507 ± 0.021 bc | 0.998 | |
PAMA60 | 1.135 ± 1.754 a | 0.321 ± 0.029d | 0.951 | 0.765 ± 0.567 a | 0.508 ± 0.047 bc | 0.993 | |
PAMAV | 0.773 ± 0.703 a | 0.427 ± 0.093cb | 0.989 | 0.589 ± 0.255 a | 0.597 ± 0.024 b | 0.999 | |
Acetic acid | AA | 1.408 ± 1.307 a | 0.566 ± 0.088ab | 0.960 | - | 0.516 ± 0.074 bc | 0.953 |
AAMA20 | 2.303 ± 0.707 a | 0.386 ± 0.025c | 0.990 | 0.602 ± 1.878 a | 0.348 ± 0.069 d | 0.895 | |
AAMA40 | 4.873 ± 0.927 b | 0.420 ± 0.047c | 0.968 | 0.750 ± 1.772 a | 0.338 ± 0.064 d | 0.933 | |
AA60 d17 | 5.224 ± 1.349 b | 0.409 ± 0.052c | 0.954 | 0.780 ± 1.963 a | 0.309 ± 0.065 d | 0.886 | |
AAMAV | 2.096 ± 0.433 a | 0.396 ± 0.015c | 0.996 | 0.748 ± 1.290 a | 0.488 ± 0.067 c | 0.939 |
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Gonzalez-Fandos, E.; Martinez-Laorden, A.; Perez-Arnedo, I. Combined Effect of Organic Acids and Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Listeria monocytogenes in Chicken Legs. Animals 2020, 10, 1818. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101818
Gonzalez-Fandos E, Martinez-Laorden A, Perez-Arnedo I. Combined Effect of Organic Acids and Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Listeria monocytogenes in Chicken Legs. Animals. 2020; 10(10):1818. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101818
Chicago/Turabian StyleGonzalez-Fandos, Elena, Alba Martinez-Laorden, and Iratxe Perez-Arnedo. 2020. "Combined Effect of Organic Acids and Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Listeria monocytogenes in Chicken Legs" Animals 10, no. 10: 1818. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101818