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Microorganisms
Volume 9
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10.3390/microorganisms9091934
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Review

Human Infections by Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica: A Mini-Review and the First Report of a Burn Wound Infection after Accidental Myiasis in Central Europe

by
Martin Hladík
1,
Bretislav Lipovy
1,2,
Yvona Kaloudova
1,
Marketa Hanslianova
3,
Ivana Vitkova
4,
Tereza Deissova
5,
Tomas Kempny
1,
Martin Svoboda
6,
Zdenek Kala
6,
Pavel Brychta
1 and
Petra Borilova Linhartova
5,7,*
1
Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Institution Shared with University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
2
CEITEC–Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
3
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Vyškov Hospital, Purkyňova 235/36, 628 01 Vyškov, Czech Republic
4
Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
5
Environmental Genomics Research Group, RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
6
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Institution Shared with University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
7
Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Institution Shared with the University Hospital Brno, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Dominic Wichmann and Jörn Grensemann
Microorganisms 2021, 9(9), 1934; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091934
Received: 24 August 2021 / Revised: 7 September 2021 / Accepted: 9 September 2021 / Published: 11 September 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infections in Intensive Care Units)
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Abstract

Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica are bacteria that cause rare infections, typically associated with the infestation of an open wound with fly larvae. Here, we present a unique case report of the first W. chitiniclastica isolation from a burn wound with accidental myiasis in a 63-year-old homeless man and a literature review focused on human infections caused by these bacteria. So far, 23 cases of infection with W. chitiniclastica have been reported; in 52% of these, larvae were found in the wound area. Most of these cases suffered from chronic non-healing wound infections but none of these were burn injuries. The overall fatality rate associated directly with W. chitiniclastica in these cases was 17%. Infections with parasitic larvae occur in moderate climates (especially in people living in poor conditions); therefore, an infection with rare bacteria associated with accidental myiasis, such as W. chitiniclastica, can be expected to become more common there. Thus, in view of the absence of recommendations regarding the treatment of patients with accidental myiasis and, therefore, the risk of infection with W. chitiniclastica or other rare pathogens, we provide a list of recommendations for the treatment of such patients. The importance of meticulous microbial surveillance using molecular biological methods to facilitate the detection of rare pathogens is emphasized. View Full-Text
Keywords: Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica; burn wound infection; myiasis Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica; burn wound infection; myiasis
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MDPI and ACS Style

Hladík, M.; Lipovy, B.; Kaloudova, Y.; Hanslianova, M.; Vitkova, I.; Deissova, T.; Kempny, T.; Svoboda, M.; Kala, Z.; Brychta, P.; Borilova Linhartova, P. Human Infections by Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica: A Mini-Review and the First Report of a Burn Wound Infection after Accidental Myiasis in Central Europe. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 1934. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091934

AMA Style

Hladík M, Lipovy B, Kaloudova Y, Hanslianova M, Vitkova I, Deissova T, Kempny T, Svoboda M, Kala Z, Brychta P, Borilova Linhartova P. Human Infections by Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica: A Mini-Review and the First Report of a Burn Wound Infection after Accidental Myiasis in Central Europe. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(9):1934. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091934

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hladík, Martin, Bretislav Lipovy, Yvona Kaloudova, Marketa Hanslianova, Ivana Vitkova, Tereza Deissova, Tomas Kempny, Martin Svoboda, Zdenek Kala, Pavel Brychta, and Petra Borilova Linhartova. 2021. "Human Infections by Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica: A Mini-Review and the First Report of a Burn Wound Infection after Accidental Myiasis in Central Europe" Microorganisms 9, no. 9: 1934. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091934

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