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Microorganisms
Volume 9
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10.3390/microorganisms9071459
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Article

Evolution of Pig Fecal Microbiota Composition and Diversity in Response to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection and Colistin Treatment in Weaned Piglets

by
Mohamed Rhouma
1,2,*,
Charlotte Braley
1,2,
William Thériault
1,2,
Alexandre Thibodeau
1,2,
Sylvain Quessy
1,2 and
Philippe Fravalo
1,2,3
1
Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
2
Groupe de Recherche et d’Enseignement en Salubrité Alimentaire (GRESA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
3
Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM), 292 rue Saint-Martin, 75003 Paris, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2021, 9(7), 1459; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071459
Submission received: 6 May 2021 / Revised: 25 June 2021 / Accepted: 4 July 2021 / Published: 7 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiome of Farm Animals in Health and Disease)
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Abstract

The intestinal microbiota plays several important roles in pig health and growth. The aim of the current study was to characterize the changes in the fecal microbiota diversity and composition of weaned piglets following an oral challenge with an ETEC: F4 strain and/or a treatment with colistin sulfate (CS). Twenty-eight piglets were used in this experiment and were divided into four groups: challenged untreated, challenged treated, unchallenged treated, and unchallenged untreated. Rectal swab samples were collected at five sampling times throughout the study. Total genomic DNA was used to assess the fecal microbiota diversity and composition using the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The relative abundance, the composition, and the community structure of piglet fecal microbiota was highly affected by the ETEC: F4 challenge throughout the experiment, while the oral treatment with CS, a narrow spectrum antibiotic, resulted in a significant decrease of E. coli/Shigella populations during the treatment period only. This study was the first to identify some gut microbiota subgroups (e.g., Streptococcus, Lachnospiraceae) that are associated with healthy piglets as compared to ETEC: F4 challenged animals. These key findings might contribute to the development of alternative strategies to reduce the use of antimicrobials in the control of post-weaning diarrhea in pigs.
Keywords: Escherichia coli; ETEC; colistin; 16S rRNA; fecal microbiota; diversity; weaned piglets Escherichia coli; ETEC; colistin; 16S rRNA; fecal microbiota; diversity; weaned piglets

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MDPI and ACS Style

Rhouma, M.; Braley, C.; Thériault, W.; Thibodeau, A.; Quessy, S.; Fravalo, P. Evolution of Pig Fecal Microbiota Composition and Diversity in Response to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection and Colistin Treatment in Weaned Piglets. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 1459. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071459

AMA Style

Rhouma M, Braley C, Thériault W, Thibodeau A, Quessy S, Fravalo P. Evolution of Pig Fecal Microbiota Composition and Diversity in Response to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection and Colistin Treatment in Weaned Piglets. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(7):1459. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071459

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rhouma, Mohamed, Charlotte Braley, William Thériault, Alexandre Thibodeau, Sylvain Quessy, and Philippe Fravalo. 2021. "Evolution of Pig Fecal Microbiota Composition and Diversity in Response to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection and Colistin Treatment in Weaned Piglets" Microorganisms 9, no. 7: 1459. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071459

APA Style

Rhouma, M., Braley, C., Thériault, W., Thibodeau, A., Quessy, S., & Fravalo, P. (2021). Evolution of Pig Fecal Microbiota Composition and Diversity in Response to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection and Colistin Treatment in Weaned Piglets. Microorganisms, 9(7), 1459. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071459

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