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Microorganisms
Volume 9
Issue 4
10.3390/microorganisms9040807
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Review

Candida auris: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Infection Control Measures to Combat the Spread of Infections in Healthcare Facilities

by
Suhail Ahmad
* and
Wadha Alfouzan
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Kerstin Voigt
Microorganisms 2021, 9(4), 807; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040807
Received: 28 February 2021 / Revised: 8 April 2021 / Accepted: 9 April 2021 / Published: 11 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungus-Host Interactions: Transitions from Saprobic to Harmful Life Styles)
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Abstract

Candida auris, a recently recognized, often multidrug-resistant yeast, has become a significant fungal pathogen due to its ability to cause invasive infections and outbreaks in healthcare facilities which have been difficult to control and treat. The extraordinary abilities of C. auris to easily contaminate the environment around colonized patients and persist for long periods have recently resulted in major outbreaks in many countries. C. auris resists elimination by robust cleaning and other decontamination procedures, likely due to the formation of ‘dry’ biofilms. Susceptible hospitalized patients, particularly those with multiple comorbidities in intensive care settings, acquire C. auris rather easily from close contact with C. auris-infected patients, their environment, or the equipment used on colonized patients, often with fatal consequences. This review highlights the lessons learned from recent studies on the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathogenesis, susceptibility, and molecular basis of resistance to antifungal drugs and infection control measures to combat the spread of C. auris infections in healthcare facilities. Particular emphasis is given to interventions aiming to prevent new infections in healthcare facilities, including the screening of susceptible patients for colonization; the cleaning and decontamination of the environment, equipment, and colonized patients; and successful approaches to identify and treat infected patients, particularly during outbreaks. View Full-Text
Keywords: Candida auris; epidemiology; pathogenesis; diagnosis; antifungal susceptibility; environmental contamination; infection control; environmental decontamination Candida auris; epidemiology; pathogenesis; diagnosis; antifungal susceptibility; environmental contamination; infection control; environmental decontamination
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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MDPI and ACS Style

Ahmad, S.; Alfouzan, W. Candida auris: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Infection Control Measures to Combat the Spread of Infections in Healthcare Facilities. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 807. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040807

AMA Style

Ahmad S, Alfouzan W. Candida auris: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Infection Control Measures to Combat the Spread of Infections in Healthcare Facilities. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(4):807. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040807

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmad, Suhail, and Wadha Alfouzan. 2021. "Candida auris: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Infection Control Measures to Combat the Spread of Infections in Healthcare Facilities" Microorganisms 9, no. 4: 807. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040807

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