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Microorganisms
Volume 8
Issue 6
10.3390/microorganisms8060954
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Article

Combinatorial Effects of Soluble, Insoluble, and Organic Extracts from Jerusalem Artichokes on Gut Microbiota in Mice

by
Hiroyuki Sasaki
1,
Yijin Lyu
1,
Yuki Nakayama
1,
Fumiaki Nakamura
2,
Aya Watanabe
1,
Hiroki Miyakawa
1,
Yoichi Nakao
2,3 and
Shigenobu Shibata
1,3,*
1
Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
2
Laboratory of Chemical biology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
3
Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2020, 8(6), 954; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060954
Received: 29 May 2020 / Revised: 19 June 2020 / Accepted: 23 June 2020 / Published: 24 June 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Gut Microbiota)
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Abstract

Jerusalem artichokes contain high amounts of inulin, which is a prebiotic that supports digestive health, as well as a variety of insoluble fibers and caffeoylquinic acid. The individual impact of these components on gut microbiota is well known; however, the combinatorial effects are less clear. In this investigation, we fractionated Jerusalem artichokes into three parts (water-soluble extract, insoluble extract, and organic extract) and powdered them. Mice were fed a high-fat diet that included one or more of these extracts for 10 days, and then their cecal pH, cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and fecal microbiota were evaluated. The combination of the water-soluble and organic extract decreased cecal pH and increased the concentration of SCFAs and led to dynamic changes in the composition of the gut microbiota. These results demonstrate that both the water-soluble and organic extracts in Jerusalem artichokes are bioactive substances that are capable of changing SCFA production and the composition of gut microbiota. Powdered Jerusalem artichokes, rather than inulin supplements, may be superior for promoting a healthy gut. View Full-Text
Keywords: microbiota; Jerusalem artichoke; inulin; organic-soluble materials microbiota; Jerusalem artichoke; inulin; organic-soluble materials
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MDPI and ACS Style

Sasaki, H.; Lyu, Y.; Nakayama, Y.; Nakamura, F.; Watanabe, A.; Miyakawa, H.; Nakao, Y.; Shibata, S. Combinatorial Effects of Soluble, Insoluble, and Organic Extracts from Jerusalem Artichokes on Gut Microbiota in Mice. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 954. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060954

AMA Style

Sasaki H, Lyu Y, Nakayama Y, Nakamura F, Watanabe A, Miyakawa H, Nakao Y, Shibata S. Combinatorial Effects of Soluble, Insoluble, and Organic Extracts from Jerusalem Artichokes on Gut Microbiota in Mice. Microorganisms. 2020; 8(6):954. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060954

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sasaki, Hiroyuki, Yijin Lyu, Yuki Nakayama, Fumiaki Nakamura, Aya Watanabe, Hiroki Miyakawa, Yoichi Nakao, and Shigenobu Shibata. 2020. "Combinatorial Effects of Soluble, Insoluble, and Organic Extracts from Jerusalem Artichokes on Gut Microbiota in Mice" Microorganisms 8, no. 6: 954. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060954

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