Microbiota, Microbial Metabolites, and Barrier Function in A Patient with Anorexia Nervosa after Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic

Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic

Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic

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4th Medical Department, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, U Nemocnice 2, 128 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic

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Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 306 14 Plzen, Czech Republic

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Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic

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Department of Internal Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Microorganisms 2019, 7(9), 338; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090338

Received: 12 August 2019 / Revised: 2 September 2019 / Accepted: 9 September 2019 / Published: 10 September 2019

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)

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Abstract

The change in the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in a patient suffering from severe and enduring anorexia nervosa (AN) and diagnosed with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO) was investigated. Microbial gut dysbiosis is associated with both AN and SIBO, and therefore gut microbiome changes by serial fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a possible therapeutic modality. This study assessed the effects of FMT on gut barrier function, microbiota composition, and the levels of bacterial metabolic products. The patient treatment with FMT led to the improvement of gut barrier function, which was altered prior to FMT. Very low bacterial alpha diversity, a lack of beneficial bacteria, together with a great abundance of fungal species were observed in the patient stool sample before FMT. After FMT, both bacterial species richness and gut microbiome evenness increased in the patient, while the fungal alpha diversity decreased. The total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels (molecules presenting an important source of energy for epithelial gut cells) gradually increased after FMT. Contrarily, one of the most abundant intestinal neurotransmitters, serotonin, tended to decrease throughout the observation period. Overall, gut microbial dysbiosis improvement after FMT was considered. However, there were no signs of patient clinical improvement. The need for an in-depth analysis of the donor´s stool and correct selection pre-FMT is evident. View Full-Text

Keywords: microbiome; microbial metabolites; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT); small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome; short-chain fatty acids; Firmicutes/Bacteroides; Akkermansia

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MDPI and ACS Style

Prochazkova, P.; Roubalova, R.; Dvorak, J.; Tlaskalova-Hogenova, H.; Cermakova, M.; Tomasova, P.; Sediva, B.; Kuzma, M.; Bulant, J.; Bilej, M.; Hrabak, P.; Meisnerova, E.; Lambertova, A.; Papezova, H. Microbiota, Microbial Metabolites, and Barrier Function in A Patient with Anorexia Nervosa after Fecal Microbiota Transplantation. Microorganisms 2019, 7, 338. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090338

AMA Style

Prochazkova P, Roubalova R, Dvorak J, Tlaskalova-Hogenova H, Cermakova M, Tomasova P, Sediva B, Kuzma M, Bulant J, Bilej M, Hrabak P, Meisnerova E, Lambertova A, Papezova H. Microbiota, Microbial Metabolites, and Barrier Function in A Patient with Anorexia Nervosa after Fecal Microbiota Transplantation. Microorganisms. 2019; 7(9):338. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090338

Chicago/Turabian Style

Prochazkova, Petra, Radka Roubalova, Jiri Dvorak, Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova, Martina Cermakova, Petra Tomasova, Blanka Sediva, Marek Kuzma, Josef Bulant, Martin Bilej, Pavel Hrabak, Eva Meisnerova, Alena Lambertova, and Hana Papezova. 2019. "Microbiota, Microbial Metabolites, and Barrier Function in A Patient with Anorexia Nervosa after Fecal Microbiota Transplantation" Microorganisms 7, no. 9: 338. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090338

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Microbiota, Microbial Metabolites, and Barrier Function in A Patient with Anorexia Nervosa after Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

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