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Microorganisms
Volume 14
Issue 9
10.3390/microorganisms14092087
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Article

Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Children with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infections

by
Carly Mitchell
1,
Tania Thomas
1,
Angelica Rivera-Agosto
1,
Gustavo R. Alvira-Arill
1,2,
Ashlan J. Kunz Coyne
3,
Stephen A. Thacker
4,
Krutika Mediwala Hornback
2 and
Taylor Morrisette
1,2,*
1
Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Outcomes Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
2
Department of Pharmacy Services, Medical University of South Carolina Health, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
3
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
4
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of South Carolina Health, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2026, 14(9), 2087; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14092087 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 28 July 2026 / Revised: 2 September 2026 / Accepted: 9 September 2026 / Published: 18 September 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges in Combating Antimicrobial Resistance in the Vulnerable Population)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic, multidrug-resistant pathogen commonly associated with respiratory and bloodstream infections. Owing to extensive intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance and limited pediatric-specific evidence, contemporary management relies heavily on extrapolation from adult data, underscoring the need to better characterize real-world treatment practices and outcomes in children. This was a retrospective, observational cohort that included hospitalized patients < 18 years of age with a positive S. maltophilia culture who received active antimicrobial therapy, excluding cases determined by the treating provider to represent colonization. Outcomes assessed included in-hospital mortality, adverse drug effects, and clinical success rates using descriptive statistics. Forty pediatric patients (median [IQR] age of 2.7 [0.7–7.9] years) were included. Respiratory infections accounted for 77.5% of cases, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim monotherapy was the most common treatment regimen (70.0%). Five patients (12.5%) experienced in-hospital mortality, three patients (7.5%) experienced adverse effects related to treatment, and all patients exhibited clinical success. Larger, multicenter observational and prospective studies are warranted to strengthen evidence-based therapeutic approaches for pediatric patients with S. maltophilia infections.
Keywords: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; pediatrics; resistant Gram-negative bacteria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; pediatrics; resistant Gram-negative bacteria

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mitchell, C.; Thomas, T.; Rivera-Agosto, A.; Alvira-Arill, G.R.; Coyne, A.J.K.; Thacker, S.A.; Hornback, K.M.; Morrisette, T. Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Children with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infections. Microorganisms 2026, 14, 2087. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14092087

AMA Style

Mitchell C, Thomas T, Rivera-Agosto A, Alvira-Arill GR, Coyne AJK, Thacker SA, Hornback KM, Morrisette T. Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Children with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infections. Microorganisms. 2026; 14(9):2087. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14092087

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mitchell, Carly, Tania Thomas, Angelica Rivera-Agosto, Gustavo R. Alvira-Arill, Ashlan J. Kunz Coyne, Stephen A. Thacker, Krutika Mediwala Hornback, and Taylor Morrisette. 2026. "Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Children with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infections" Microorganisms 14, no. 9: 2087. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14092087

APA Style

Mitchell, C., Thomas, T., Rivera-Agosto, A., Alvira-Arill, G. R., Coyne, A. J. K., Thacker, S. A., Hornback, K. M., & Morrisette, T. (2026). Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Children with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Infections. Microorganisms, 14(9), 2087. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14092087

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