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Microorganisms
Volume 13
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10.3390/microorganisms13051098
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Article

Natural Revegetation Alters Habitat Conditions, Bacterial Components, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)-Degrading Communities in Aged PAH-Polluted Soils

by
Jinrong Huang
1,
Heng Liang
2,
Lilong Huang
3,
Qi Li
1,
Lei Ji
1,
Yingna Xing
1,
Chang Zhou
1,
Jianing Wang
1 and
Xiaowen Fu
1,*
1
Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
2
Shandong Environmental Sciences Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Jinan 250109, China
3
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2025, 13(5), 1098; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051098
Submission received: 27 March 2025 / Revised: 7 May 2025 / Accepted: 8 May 2025 / Published: 9 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Topic Interactions between Plants and Soil Microbes in Natural Ecosystem)
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Abstract

The vegetation restoration of contaminated sites plays a critical role in ensuring the sustained stability and functional integrity of natural ecosystems. However, during the natural revegetation process, the variations in habitat conditions, bacterial community structure, and metabolic functions in aged, polluted soil are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated aged, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-polluted soils at closed, abandoned oil well sites from the Yellow River Delta. Using gene amplification and real-time qPCR methods, the abundance, taxonomy, and diversity characteristics of indigenous bacterial communities and functional bacteria carrying C12O genes in both vegetated soils and bare soils were investigated. The results show that natural revegetation significantly changes the physicochemical parameters, PAH content, and bacterial community structure of aged, PAH-polluted soils. When comparing the abundance and components of PAH-degrading bacterial communities in vegetated and bare soils, the PAH-degrading potential was revealed to be stimulated by vegetation communities. Through correlation analysis, dual stress from soil salinity and PAH contamination in bacterial communities was revealed to be mediated through alterations in the soil’s physicochemical properties by local vegetation. The network analysis revealed that bacterial communities in vegetated soils have higher network connectivity. These results elucidate the alterations in habitat conditions, bacterial components, and PAH-degrading communities following vegetation restoration, providing critical insights for optimizing ecological rehabilitation strategies in salinized and contaminated ecosystems.
Keywords: aged contamination; PAH-degrading bacteria; vegetation; saline soil aged contamination; PAH-degrading bacteria; vegetation; saline soil

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MDPI and ACS Style

Huang, J.; Liang, H.; Huang, L.; Li, Q.; Ji, L.; Xing, Y.; Zhou, C.; Wang, J.; Fu, X. Natural Revegetation Alters Habitat Conditions, Bacterial Components, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)-Degrading Communities in Aged PAH-Polluted Soils. Microorganisms 2025, 13, 1098. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051098

AMA Style

Huang J, Liang H, Huang L, Li Q, Ji L, Xing Y, Zhou C, Wang J, Fu X. Natural Revegetation Alters Habitat Conditions, Bacterial Components, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)-Degrading Communities in Aged PAH-Polluted Soils. Microorganisms. 2025; 13(5):1098. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051098

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huang, Jinrong, Heng Liang, Lilong Huang, Qi Li, Lei Ji, Yingna Xing, Chang Zhou, Jianing Wang, and Xiaowen Fu. 2025. "Natural Revegetation Alters Habitat Conditions, Bacterial Components, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)-Degrading Communities in Aged PAH-Polluted Soils" Microorganisms 13, no. 5: 1098. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051098

APA Style

Huang, J., Liang, H., Huang, L., Li, Q., Ji, L., Xing, Y., Zhou, C., Wang, J., & Fu, X. (2025). Natural Revegetation Alters Habitat Conditions, Bacterial Components, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)-Degrading Communities in Aged PAH-Polluted Soils. Microorganisms, 13(5), 1098. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13051098

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