Exploring Host-Specificity: Untangling the Relationship between Leishmania (Viannia) Species and Its Endosymbiont Leishmania RNA Virus 1
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Leishmania Culture
2.2. RNA Extraction and cDNA Synthesis
2.3. LRV1 Detection
2.4. Sequencing
2.5. Analyses of LRV1 Sequences
3. Results
3.1. LRV1 Was Not Detected in All L. (Viannia) Species Analyzed but Was Frequent in L. naiffi Strains
3.2. Variability of LRV1 Diversity across Leishmania Host Species
3.3. Higher Similarity Is Observed for LRV1 Sequences among Closely Related Leishmania Species
3.4. Host-Specificity Is Clearly Observed in the LRV1-L. (Viannia) Species Relationship
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Leishmania Strain ID (IOCL) | Parasite Species | Leishmania International Code | Geographic Origin (City, State) | Sequence Length | GenBank Accession Number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
854 | L. naiffi | ISQU/BR/1985/IM2264 | Cachoeira Porteira, Pará | 759 | OR147337 |
3007 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2003/IRCF | Manaus, Amazonas | 701 | OQ106956 |
3228 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2010/MS | Manaus, Amazonas | 699 | OQ106955 |
3316 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2011/58-AMS | Mojuí dos Campos, Pará | 706 | OQ106958 |
3515 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2013/49UAS | Manaus, Amazonas | 709 | OQ106952 |
3516 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2013/63DDL | Manaus, Amazonas | 799 | OQ106959 |
3517 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2013/65HCC | Manaus, Amazonas | 710 | OR147338 |
3518 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2013/66CPS | Manaus, Amazonas | 679 | OQ106951 |
3519 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2013/51FRS | Manaus, Amazonas | 660 | OQ106950 |
3520 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2013/62FJFM | Manaus, Amazonas | 632 | OQ106954 |
3531 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2013/56EGP | Manaus, Amazonas | 708 | OQ106953 |
991 | L. naiffi | MDAS/BR/1987/IM3307 | São Félix do Xingu, Pará | - | --- |
992 | L. naiffi | MDAS/BR/1987/IM3280 | São Félix do Xingu, Pará | - | --- |
993 | L. naiffi | MDAS/BR/1987/IM3281 | São Félix do Xingu, Pará | - | --- |
1123 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/1986/IM2736 | Manaus, Amazonas | - | --- |
1365 | L. naiffi | MDAS/BR/1979/M5533 | Almeirim, Pará | - | --- |
3310 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2011/S50 | Santarém, Pará | - | --- |
3541 | L. naiffi | MHOM/BR/2014/61AAM | Manaus, Amazonas | - | --- |
1594 | L. shawi | MHOM/BR/1990/IM2842 | Manaus, Amazonas | 781 | OQ106957 |
1067 | L. shawi | IWHI/BR/1985/IM2324 | Tucuruí, Pará | - | --- |
1068 | L. shawi | IWHI/BR/1985/IM2326 | Tucuruí, Pará | - | --- |
3481 | L. shawi | MHOM/BR/2013/18 | Manaus, Amazonas | - | --- |
1023 | L. lainsoni | MHOM/BR/1981/M6426 | Benevides, Pará | - | --- |
1266 | L. lainsoni | MCUN/BR/1983/IM1721 | Tucuruí, Pará | - | --- |
2497 | L. lainsoni | MHOM/BR/2002/NMT-RBO 027P | Rio Branco, Acre | - | --- |
3398 | L. lainsoni | MHOM/BR/2012/AP60A | Porto Velho, Rondônia | - | --- |
2690 | L. lindenbergi | MHOM/BR/1966/M15733 | Belém, Pará | - | --- |
3645 | L. lindenbergi | MHOM/BR/2015/RO514 | Porto Velho, Rondônia | - | --- |
3746 | L. lindenbergi | MHOM/BR/2014/RO285 | Porto Velho, Rondônia | - | --- |
2689 | L. utingensis | ITUB/BR/1977/M4964 | Belém, Pará | - | --- |
L. guyanensis | L. braziliensis | L. naiffi | L. shawi | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of differences | 33.21 | 34.8 | 13.25 | 1 |
Tamura 3-parameter model | 0.133 | 0.139 | 0.053 | 0.003 |
L. naiffi | L. shawi | L. guyanensis | L. braziliensis | |
---|---|---|---|---|
L. naiffi | - | 42.23 | 43.41 | 42.17 |
L. shawi | 0.170 | - | 37.99 | 48.05 |
L. guyanensis | 0.176 | 0.153 | - | 48.32 |
L. braziliensis | 0.171 | 0.199 | 0.201 | - |
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Santana, M.C.d.O.; Chourabi, K.; Cantanhêde, L.M.; Cupolillo, E. Exploring Host-Specificity: Untangling the Relationship between Leishmania (Viannia) Species and Its Endosymbiont Leishmania RNA Virus 1. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 2295. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092295
Santana MCdO, Chourabi K, Cantanhêde LM, Cupolillo E. Exploring Host-Specificity: Untangling the Relationship between Leishmania (Viannia) Species and Its Endosymbiont Leishmania RNA Virus 1. Microorganisms. 2023; 11(9):2295. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092295
Chicago/Turabian StyleSantana, Mayara Cristhine de Oliveira, Khaled Chourabi, Lilian Motta Cantanhêde, and Elisa Cupolillo. 2023. "Exploring Host-Specificity: Untangling the Relationship between Leishmania (Viannia) Species and Its Endosymbiont Leishmania RNA Virus 1" Microorganisms 11, no. 9: 2295. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092295