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Volume 11
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10.3390/microorganisms11051237
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Article

Bifidobacterium longum and Chlorella sorokiniana Improve the IFN Type I-Mediated Antiviral Response in Rotavirus-Infected Cells

by
Ricardo Romero-Arguelles
1,
Patricia Tamez-Guerra
1,*,
Guadalupe González-Ochoa
2,*,
César I. Romo-Sáenz
1,
Ricardo Gomez-Flores
1,
Lilian Flores-Mendoza
2 and
Elizama Aros-Uzarraga
2
1
Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, San Nicolás de los Garza, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
2
Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Navojoa 85880, Mexico
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2023, 11(5), 1237; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051237
Submission received: 11 April 2023 / Revised: 5 May 2023 / Accepted: 7 May 2023 / Published: 8 May 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Probiotics on Health)
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Abstract

Probiotics are effective to treat or prevent gastrointestinal infections, and microalgae have demonstrated important health-promoting effects and in some cases function as prebiotics. In this regard, the anti-rotavirus effect of Bifidobacterium longum and Chlorella sorokiniana by reducing viral infectivity is well known. However, their effect on immune response against rotavirus has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the role of Bifidobacterium longum and/or Chlorella sorokiniana in influencing an IFN type I-mediated antiviral response in rotavirus-infected cells. In pre-infection experiments, HT-29 cells were treated with B. longum and C. sorokiniana alone or in combination, followed by rotavirus infection, whereas in post-infection assays, HT-29 cells were treated after infection. The cells’ mRNA was then purified to determine the relative expression level of IFN-α, IFN-β, and precursors of interferons such as RIG-I, IRF-3, and IRF-5 by qPCR. We showed that combination of B. longum and C. sorokiniana significantly increased IFN-α levels in pre-infection and IFN-β in post-infection assays, as compared with individual effects. Results indicate that B. longum, C. sorokiniana, or their combination improve cellular antiviral immune response.
Keywords: probiotics; immunity; Bifidobacterium; Chlorella; rotavirus; gastroenteritis probiotics; immunity; Bifidobacterium; Chlorella; rotavirus; gastroenteritis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Romero-Arguelles, R.; Tamez-Guerra, P.; González-Ochoa, G.; Romo-Sáenz, C.I.; Gomez-Flores, R.; Flores-Mendoza, L.; Aros-Uzarraga, E. Bifidobacterium longum and Chlorella sorokiniana Improve the IFN Type I-Mediated Antiviral Response in Rotavirus-Infected Cells. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 1237. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051237

AMA Style

Romero-Arguelles R, Tamez-Guerra P, González-Ochoa G, Romo-Sáenz CI, Gomez-Flores R, Flores-Mendoza L, Aros-Uzarraga E. Bifidobacterium longum and Chlorella sorokiniana Improve the IFN Type I-Mediated Antiviral Response in Rotavirus-Infected Cells. Microorganisms. 2023; 11(5):1237. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051237

Chicago/Turabian Style

Romero-Arguelles, Ricardo, Patricia Tamez-Guerra, Guadalupe González-Ochoa, César I. Romo-Sáenz, Ricardo Gomez-Flores, Lilian Flores-Mendoza, and Elizama Aros-Uzarraga. 2023. "Bifidobacterium longum and Chlorella sorokiniana Improve the IFN Type I-Mediated Antiviral Response in Rotavirus-Infected Cells" Microorganisms 11, no. 5: 1237. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051237

APA Style

Romero-Arguelles, R., Tamez-Guerra, P., González-Ochoa, G., Romo-Sáenz, C. I., Gomez-Flores, R., Flores-Mendoza, L., & Aros-Uzarraga, E. (2023). Bifidobacterium longum and Chlorella sorokiniana Improve the IFN Type I-Mediated Antiviral Response in Rotavirus-Infected Cells. Microorganisms, 11(5), 1237. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051237

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