Oral Supplementation with Hydroxytyrosol Synthesized Using Genetically Modified Escherichia coli Strains and Essential Oils Mixture: A Pilot Study on the Safety and Biological Activity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Intervention
2.3. Preparation of the Antiox-Plus Capsule
2.4. Blood Count and Biochemical Analysis
2.5. Laboratory Markers Analysis
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Mean | Female | Male | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Weight (kg) | 77.0 ± 13.6 | 68.1 ± 10.8 | 85.8 ± 10.2 | |
Height (cm) | 172 ± 8 | 166 ± 5 | 178 ± 6 | |
ΒΜΙ (kg/m2) | 25.9 ± 3.7 | 24.7 ± 4.1 | 27.1 ± 3.2 | |
Fat mass (%) | 29.7 ± 6.1 | 32.3 ± 7.4 | 26.9 ± 3.1 | |
Muscle (kg) | 51.4 ± 9.2 | 43.5 ± 2.9 | 59.4 ± 5.0 | |
Total body water (%) | 51.4 ± 4.0 | 49.4 ± 4.4 | 53.3 ± 2.6 | |
Physical activity (Kcal/week) | Low | 3/12 | 1/6 | 2/6 |
Moderate | 5/12 | 3/6 | 2/6 | |
High | 4/12 | 2/6 | 2/6 | |
Smoking | No | 5/12 | 1/6 | 4/6 |
Light | 4/12 | 3/6 | 1/6 | |
Moderate | 3/12 | 2/6 | 1/6 | |
BMR (kcal) | 1613 ± 279 | 1381 ± 102 | 1846 ± 176 |
Mean | Female | Male | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Energy | (Kcal/day) | 2185 ± 220 | 2100 ± 260 | 2300 ± 110 |
Carbohydrates | % | 44 | 47 | 40 |
Proteins | % | 15 | 14 | 16 |
Lipids | % | 41 | 39 | 44 |
Reference Range | Start | End | Follow-Up | |
---|---|---|---|---|
White blood cells (WBC) (103/μL) | 4.0–10.0 | 6.7 ± 0.4 | 6.0 ± 0.3 | 6.3 ± 0.3 |
Red Blood Cells (RBC) (106/μL) | 4.2–6.0 | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 4.8 ± 0.2 | 4.8 ± 0.2 |
Haemoglobin (HGB) (g/mL) | 13.5–18.0 | 14.4 ± 0.4 | 13.8 ± 0.4 | 13.7 ± 0.3 |
Haematocrit (HCT) (%) | 40.0–52.0 | 43.4 ± 1.2 | 41.3 ± 1.1 | 40.8 ± 1.0 |
Platelets (103/mL) | 140–440 | 250 ± 19 | 237 ± 17 | 246 ± 20 |
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Simos, Y.V.; Zerikiotis, S.; Lekkas, P.; Athinodorou, A.-M.; Zachariou, C.; Tzima, C.; Assariotakis, A.; Peschos, D.; Tsamis, K.; Halabalaki, M.; et al. Oral Supplementation with Hydroxytyrosol Synthesized Using Genetically Modified Escherichia coli Strains and Essential Oils Mixture: A Pilot Study on the Safety and Biological Activity. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 770. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030770
Simos YV, Zerikiotis S, Lekkas P, Athinodorou A-M, Zachariou C, Tzima C, Assariotakis A, Peschos D, Tsamis K, Halabalaki M, et al. Oral Supplementation with Hydroxytyrosol Synthesized Using Genetically Modified Escherichia coli Strains and Essential Oils Mixture: A Pilot Study on the Safety and Biological Activity. Microorganisms. 2023; 11(3):770. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030770
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimos, Yannis V., Stelios Zerikiotis, Panagiotis Lekkas, Antrea-Maria Athinodorou, Christianna Zachariou, Christina Tzima, Alexandros Assariotakis, Dimitrios Peschos, Konstantinos Tsamis, Maria Halabalaki, and et al. 2023. "Oral Supplementation with Hydroxytyrosol Synthesized Using Genetically Modified Escherichia coli Strains and Essential Oils Mixture: A Pilot Study on the Safety and Biological Activity" Microorganisms 11, no. 3: 770. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030770