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Review

Applications of Probiotic-Based Multi-Components to Human, Animal and Ecosystem Health: Concepts, Methodologies, and Action Mechanisms

by
Sonagnon Kouhounde
1,
Kifouli Adéoti
2,
Majid Mounir
3,
Alessandro Giusti
4,
Paulo Refinetti
5,
Akaninyene Otu
6,7,8,
Emmanuel Effa
7,8,
Bassey Ebenso
9,
Victor O. Adetimirin
10,
Josep Mercader Barceló
11,
Ousmane Thiare
12,
Holy N. Rabetafika
13 and
Hary L. Razafindralambo
13,14,*
1
Laboratoire des Sciences Biologiques Appliquées, Université Aube Nouvelle, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 234, Burkina Faso
2
Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Technologie Alimentaire (LAMITA), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01BP 526, Benin
3
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Biotransformations Laboratory, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat Instituts, Rabat 10112, Morocco
4
CyRIC-Cyprus Research and Innovation Center Ltd., Nicosia 2414, Cyprus
5
REM Analytics SA, 1870 Monthey, Switzerland
6
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK
7
Foundation for Healthcare Innovation and Development (FHIND), Calabar 540271, Nigeria
8
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar 540271, Nigeria
9
Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9NL, UK
10
Department of Crop and Horticultural Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria
11
Molecular Biology and One Health Research Group (MolONE), University of the Balearic Islands, 07120 Palma, Spain
12
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Université Gaston Berger de Saint Louis, Saint-Louis BP 234, Senegal
13
ProBioLab, Campus Universitaire de la Faculté de Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech/Université de Liège, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
14
BioEcoAgro Joint Research Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Microbial Processes and Interactions, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech/Université de Liège, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
 
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2022, 10(9), 1700; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091700
Submission received: 30 June 2022 / Revised: 12 August 2022 / Accepted: 20 August 2022 / Published: 24 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Shaping the Future of Probiotics: Novel Methodologies, Applications, and Mechanisms of Action)
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Abstract

Probiotics and related preparations, including synbiotics and postbiotics, are living and non-living microbial-based multi-components, which are now among the most popular bioactive agents. Such interests mainly arise from the wide range and numerous beneficial effects of their use for various hosts. The current minireview article attempts to provide an overview and discuss in a holistic way the concepts, methodologies, action mechanisms, and applications of probiotic-based multi-components in human, animal, plant, soil, and environment health. Probiotic-based multi-component preparations refer to a mixture of bioactive agents, containing probiotics or postbiotics as main functional ingredients, and prebiotics, protectants, stabilizers, encapsulating agents, and other compounds as additional constituents. Analyzing, characterizing, and monitoring over time the traceability, performance, and stability of such multi-component ingredients require relevant and sensitive analytical tools and methodologies. Two innovative profiling and monitoring methods, the thermophysical fingerprinting thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry technique (TGA-DSC) of the whole multi-component powder preparations, and the Advanced Testing for Genetic Composition (ATGC) strain analysis up to the subspecies level, are presented, illustrated, and discussed in this review to respond to those requirements. Finally, the paper deals with some selected applications of probiotic-based multi-components to human, animal, plant, soil and environment health, while mentioning their possible action mechanisms.
Keywords: probiotics; prebiotics; synbiotics; postbiotics; human health; animal health; ecosystem health probiotics; prebiotics; synbiotics; postbiotics; human health; animal health; ecosystem health

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Kouhounde, S.; Adéoti, K.; Mounir, M.; Giusti, A.; Refinetti, P.; Otu, A.; Effa, E.; Ebenso, B.; Adetimirin, V.O.; Barceló, J.M.; et al. Applications of Probiotic-Based Multi-Components to Human, Animal and Ecosystem Health: Concepts, Methodologies, and Action Mechanisms. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 1700. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091700

AMA Style

Kouhounde S, Adéoti K, Mounir M, Giusti A, Refinetti P, Otu A, Effa E, Ebenso B, Adetimirin VO, Barceló JM, et al. Applications of Probiotic-Based Multi-Components to Human, Animal and Ecosystem Health: Concepts, Methodologies, and Action Mechanisms. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(9):1700. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091700

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kouhounde, Sonagnon, Kifouli Adéoti, Majid Mounir, Alessandro Giusti, Paulo Refinetti, Akaninyene Otu, Emmanuel Effa, Bassey Ebenso, Victor O. Adetimirin, Josep Mercader Barceló, and et al. 2022. "Applications of Probiotic-Based Multi-Components to Human, Animal and Ecosystem Health: Concepts, Methodologies, and Action Mechanisms" Microorganisms 10, no. 9: 1700. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091700

APA Style

Kouhounde, S., Adéoti, K., Mounir, M., Giusti, A., Refinetti, P., Otu, A., Effa, E., Ebenso, B., Adetimirin, V. O., Barceló, J. M., Thiare, O., Rabetafika, H. N., & Razafindralambo, H. L. (2022). Applications of Probiotic-Based Multi-Components to Human, Animal and Ecosystem Health: Concepts, Methodologies, and Action Mechanisms. Microorganisms, 10(9), 1700. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091700

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