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Microorganisms
Volume 10
Issue 4
10.3390/microorganisms10040818
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Review

Where the Little Ones Play the Main Role—Picophytoplankton Predominance in the Soda and Hypersaline Lakes of the Carpathian Basin

by
Boglárka Somogyi
1,*,
Tamás Felföldi
2,
Emil Boros
2,
Attila Szabó
2,3 and
Lajos Vörös
1
1
Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno Str. 3, P.O. Box 35, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
2
Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Str. 29, H-1113 Budapest, Hungary
3
Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart Hjelms Vag 9, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2022, 10(4), 818; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040818
Submission received: 2 March 2022 / Revised: 8 April 2022 / Accepted: 11 April 2022 / Published: 14 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecology, Diversity and Distribution of Pico-Sized Algae)
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Abstract

The extreme environmental conditions of the diverse saline inland waters (soda lakes and pans, hypersaline lakes and ponds) of the Carpathian Basin are an advantage for picophytoplankton. The abundance of picophytoplankton in these waters can be up to several orders of magnitude higher than that in freshwater shallow lakes, but differences are also found within different saline water types: higher picophytoplankton abundances were observed in hypersaline lakes compared to humic soda lakes, and their highest numbers were detected in turbid soda lakes. Moreover, their contribution to phytoplankton biomass is higher than that in shallow freshwater lakes with similar trophic states. Based on long-term data, their ratio within the phytoplankton increased with turbidity in the case of turbid soda lakes, while, in hypersaline lakes, their proportion increased with salinity. Picocyanobacteria were only detected with high abundance (>106–107 cells/mL) in turbid soda lakes, while picoeukaryotes occurred in high numbers in both turbid and hypersaline lakes. Despite the extreme conditions of the lakes, the diversity of picophytoplankton is remarkable, with the dominance of non-marine Synechococcus/Cyanobium, Choricystis, Chloroparva and uncultured trebouxiophycean green algae in the soda lakes, and marine Synechococcus and Picochlorum in the hypersaline lakes.
Keywords: autotrophic picophytoplankton; abundance; seasonal dynamics; diversity; extreme environments autotrophic picophytoplankton; abundance; seasonal dynamics; diversity; extreme environments

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MDPI and ACS Style

Somogyi, B.; Felföldi, T.; Boros, E.; Szabó, A.; Vörös, L. Where the Little Ones Play the Main Role—Picophytoplankton Predominance in the Soda and Hypersaline Lakes of the Carpathian Basin. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 818. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040818

AMA Style

Somogyi B, Felföldi T, Boros E, Szabó A, Vörös L. Where the Little Ones Play the Main Role—Picophytoplankton Predominance in the Soda and Hypersaline Lakes of the Carpathian Basin. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(4):818. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040818

Chicago/Turabian Style

Somogyi, Boglárka, Tamás Felföldi, Emil Boros, Attila Szabó, and Lajos Vörös. 2022. "Where the Little Ones Play the Main Role—Picophytoplankton Predominance in the Soda and Hypersaline Lakes of the Carpathian Basin" Microorganisms 10, no. 4: 818. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040818

APA Style

Somogyi, B., Felföldi, T., Boros, E., Szabó, A., & Vörös, L. (2022). Where the Little Ones Play the Main Role—Picophytoplankton Predominance in the Soda and Hypersaline Lakes of the Carpathian Basin. Microorganisms, 10(4), 818. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040818

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