Assessing Campylobacter Colonization of Broiler Herds Ante Mortem and Monitoring Campylobacter Contamination Post Mortem by qPCR
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Classification of C. jejuni/coli Colonization of Broiler Herds by qPCR
2.2. Comparison of C. jejuni/coli Colonization of Broiler Herds by qPCR and by Direct Culture Detection
2.3. Classification of C. jejuni/coli Contamination of Fresh Chicken Meat by qPCR
2.4. Comparison of the C. jejuni/coli Contamination of Fresh Chicken Meat by qPCR and by Enumeration
2.5. Comparison of C. jejuni/coli Contamination of Fresh Chicken Meat by Enrichment and Enumeration
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Sampling and Samples Preparation
4.2. DNA Extraction and PCR
4.3. Direct and Pre-Enrichment Culturing
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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C. jejuni/coli Negative Herds 1 (n) | C. jejuni/coli Low Positive Herds 2 (n) | C. jejuni/coli Moderate Positive Herds 3 (n) | C. jejuni/coli High Positive Herds 4 (n) | Caecal Samples with Inhibited qPCR (n) | Total Caecal Samples Per Slaughter-House (n) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Slaughter-house 1 | 65 | 47 | 25 | 56 | 14 | 207 |
Slaughter-house 2 | 54 | 36 | 8 | 62 | 4 | 164 |
Slaughter-house 3 | 13 | 7 | 3 | 40 | 2 | 65 |
Slaughter-house 4 | 9 | 10 | 3 | 22 | 0 | 44 |
Slaughter-house 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 |
Total | 141 | 100 | 40 | 183 | 20 | 484 |
Results of Caecal Samples by Direct Detection: | Results of Caecal Samples by qPCR: | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of C. jejuni/coli Negative 1 Herds (n) | Number of C. jejuni/coli Low Positive 2 Herds (n) | Number of C. jejuni/coli Moderate Positive 3 Herds (n) | Number of C. jejuni/coli High Positive 4 Herds (n) | Total | |
Number of C. jejuni/coli negative flocks | 141 | 97 | 38 | 27 | 303 |
Number of C. jejuni/coli positive flocks | 0 | 3 | 2 | 156 | 161 |
Total | 141 | 100 | 40 | 183 | 464 |
Sampling Month | C. jejuni/coli Negative 1 Meat Samples (n) | C. jejuni/coli Low Positive 2 Meat Samples (n) | C. jejuni/coli Moderate Positive 3 Meat Samples (n) | C. jejuni/coli High Positive 4 Meat Samples (n) |
---|---|---|---|---|
April 2016 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
May 2016 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
June 2016 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
July 2016 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
August 2016 | 18 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
September 2016 | 25 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
October 2016 | 14 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
November 2016 | 16 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
December 2016 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
January 2017 | 23 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
February 2017 | 22 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
March 2017 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 241 | 21 | 0 | 0 |
Swiss origin | 164 | 15 | 0 | 0 |
Other origin | 77 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
Results by Enumeration | Results by qPCR: | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of C. jejuni/coli Negative 1 Meat Samples | Number of C. jejuni/coli Low Positive 2 Meat Samples | Number of C. jejuni/coli Moderate Positive 3 Meat Samples | Number of C. jejuni/coli Highly Positive 4 Meat Samples | Total | |
Number of C. jejuni/coli negative meat samples (<10 cfu/g) (n) | 239 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 260 |
Number of C. jejuni/coli positive meat samples (>10 cfu/g) (n) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Total | 241 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 262 |
Sampling Month: | C. jejuni/coli Negative Meat Samples by Enrichment in 25 g (n) | C. jejuni/coli Positive Meat Samples by Enrichment in 25 g (n) | C. jejuni/coli Negative Meat Samples by Enumeration (<10 cfu */g) (n) | C. jejuni/coli Positive Meat Samples by Enumeration (>10 cfu/g) (n) |
---|---|---|---|---|
April 2016 | 12 | 16 | 28 | 0 |
May 2016 | 8 | 19 | 27 | 0 |
June 2016 | 11 | 12 | 23 | 0 |
July 2016 | 6 | 19 | 24 | 1 |
August 2016 | 11 | 11 | 21 | 1 |
September 2016 | 14 | 18 | 32 | 0 |
October 2016 | 9 | 10 | 19 | 0 |
November 2016 | 10 | 12 | 22 | 0 |
December 2016 | 7 | 6 | 13 | 0 |
Total | 88 | 123 | 209 | 2 |
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Overesch, G.; Haas, K.; Kuhnert, P. Assessing Campylobacter Colonization of Broiler Herds Ante Mortem and Monitoring Campylobacter Contamination Post Mortem by qPCR. Pathogens 2020, 9, 742. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9090742
Overesch G, Haas K, Kuhnert P. Assessing Campylobacter Colonization of Broiler Herds Ante Mortem and Monitoring Campylobacter Contamination Post Mortem by qPCR. Pathogens. 2020; 9(9):742. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9090742
Chicago/Turabian StyleOveresch, Gudrun, Katrin Haas, and Peter Kuhnert. 2020. "Assessing Campylobacter Colonization of Broiler Herds Ante Mortem and Monitoring Campylobacter Contamination Post Mortem by qPCR" Pathogens 9, no. 9: 742. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9090742