Transplacental Transmission of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Pregnant Women with Positive Anti-CMV IgG and Negative Anti-CMV IgM in Highly CMV Seropositive Region
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population and Sample Collection
2.2. Serological Tests of CMV IgG and IgM
2.3. Detection of CMV DNA
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. General Characteristics of Participants
3.2. Positive Rate of CMV DNA in Amniotic Fluid
3.3. CMV IgG and IgM Status in Pregnant Women and Newborns with Positive CMV DNA
3.4. Antenatal and Neonatal Features and Follow-Up Outcomes of CMV-Infected Children
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CMV | Cytomegalovirus |
qPCR | quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction |
AI | Avidity index |
SD | Standard deviation |
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Subject 1 | Subject 2 | Subject 3 | Subject 4 | Subject 5 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal characteristics | |||||||
Age (y) | 29 | 28 | 36 | 29 | 27 | ||
Gestational week (GW) | 30+2 | 36+1 | 38+2 | 37+5 | 39+4 | ||
Pregnancy/delivery | G2P1 | G2P0 | G4P3 | G2P0 | G1P0 | ||
Twin/singleton | Twin | Twin | Singleton | Singleton | Singleton | ||
Reasons for Cesarean section | Abnormal umbilical blood flow in one of the twins | Scarred uterus | Scarred uterus, preeclampsia, macrosomia | Preeclampsia | Abnormal fetal position | ||
Neonatal features and follow-up outcomes | |||||||
Infant No | 1a | 1b | 2a | 2b | 3 | 4 | 5 |
CMV DNA in amniotic fluid (copies/mL) | 4.18 × 104 | 1.19 × 104 | 7.88 × 106 | 2.13 × 104 | 5.81 × 107 | 1.34 × 103 | 2.54 × 102 |
CMV IgG in cord blood | positive | positive | positive | positive | positive | Not available | Not available |
CMV IgM in cord blood | positive | positive | positive | negative | negative | Not available | Not available |
Prenatal ultrasound | Normal | IUGR at GW 25+1, abnormal umbilical blood flow at GW 29+5 | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal |
Apgar score (1/5 min) | 8/9 | 8/9 | 9/10 | 9/10 | 9/10 | 9/10 | 9/10 |
Birth weight (g) | 2180 | 1390 | 3040 | 2920 | 4175 | 2980 | 3300 |
Birth length (cm) | 44 | 39 | 50 | 48 | 52 | 50 | 50 |
Clinical features after birth * | Neonatal pneumonia and respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enteritis | IUGR, neonatal pneumonia and respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enteritis, ileum perforation | No | No | No | Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia | No |
Children follow-up (months) † | Normal (56) | Normal (56) | Normal (54) | Normal (54) | Normal (49) | Normal (35) | Normal (18) |
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Tang, J.; Wei, H.; Dai, Y.; Luo, Y.; Hu, Y.; Zhou, Y.-H.; Lin, N.; Liu, A. Transplacental Transmission of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Pregnant Women with Positive Anti-CMV IgG and Negative Anti-CMV IgM in Highly CMV Seropositive Region. Pathogens 2025, 14, 894. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14090894
Tang J, Wei H, Dai Y, Luo Y, Hu Y, Zhou Y-H, Lin N, Liu A. Transplacental Transmission of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Pregnant Women with Positive Anti-CMV IgG and Negative Anti-CMV IgM in Highly CMV Seropositive Region. Pathogens. 2025; 14(9):894. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14090894
Chicago/Turabian StyleTang, Jie, Hongxia Wei, Yimin Dai, Yuqian Luo, Yali Hu, Yi-Hua Zhou, Nacheng Lin, and Aimin Liu. 2025. "Transplacental Transmission of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Pregnant Women with Positive Anti-CMV IgG and Negative Anti-CMV IgM in Highly CMV Seropositive Region" Pathogens 14, no. 9: 894. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14090894
APA StyleTang, J., Wei, H., Dai, Y., Luo, Y., Hu, Y., Zhou, Y.-H., Lin, N., & Liu, A. (2025). Transplacental Transmission of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Pregnant Women with Positive Anti-CMV IgG and Negative Anti-CMV IgM in Highly CMV Seropositive Region. Pathogens, 14(9), 894. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14090894