Post-Separation Physical Custody Arrangements in Germany: Examining Sociodemographic Correlates, Parental Coparenting, and Child Adjustment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Physical Custody Arrangements in Separated Families
1.2. Factors Associated with Social Selection into Different Physical Custody Arrangements
1.2.1. Factors at the Contextual Level
1.2.2. Factors at the Family Level
1.2.3. Factors at the Individual Level: Age and Gender of the Children, Families’ Socio-Economic Conditions, Level of Education and Working Situation of the Parents
1.3. Physical Custody Arrangements and Child Adjustment
1.4. SPC and Child Adjustment in the Case of a Conflictual Parental Relationship
- RQ1:
- Do we observe selectivity into post-separation custody arrangements in Germany?
- RQ2:
- Do we observe differences in child adjustment between different post-separation custody arrangements in Germany?
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Measures
2.2. Analytic Strategy
3. Results
3.1. Multinomial Regression Results
3.2. Linear Regression Results
4. Discussion
5. Limitations and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Emotional Problems | Conduct Problems | Hyperactivity | Peer Problems | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Predictor | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 |
Sole care/no contact a | 0.10 (0.54) | 1.11 (1.64) | 0.13 (0.40) | 0.96 (1.22) | 0.65 (0.62) | 4.01 * (1.87) | 0.03 (0.42) | 1.50 (1.29) |
Sole care/occasional contact a | −0.17 (0.39) | −1.40 (0.90) | −0.09 (0.29) | −0.53 (0.67) | −0.18 (0.45) | 1.58 (1.03) | 0.03 (0.31) | 0.23 (0.71) |
Sole care/frequent contact a | −0.17 (0.36) | −0.20 (0.81) | −0.24 (0.27) | 0.09 (0.60) | −0.26 (0.42) | 1.92 * (0.92) | −0.08 (0.28) | −0.02 (0.63) |
Age of child (in full years) | −0.05 * (0.02) | −0.05 (0.03) | −0.08 *** (0.02) | −0.08 *** (0.02) | −0.18 *** (0.03) | −0.17 *** (0.03) | −0.01 (0.02) | −0.00 (0.01) |
Male | 0.22 (0.19) | 0.21 (0.19) | 0.37 * (0.14) | 0.36 * (0.14) | 0.75 ** (0.22) | 0.76 ** (0.22) | 0.49 ** (0.15) | 0.49 ** (0.15) |
Secondary education b | −0.16 (0.27) | −0.12 (0.27) | −0.32 (0.20) | −0.31 (0.20) | 0.19 (0.31) | 0.14 (0.31) | 0.05 (0.21) | 0.07 (0.21) |
Tertiary education b | −0.56 * (0.28) | −0.50 (0.28) | −0.58 ** (0.21) | −0.54 * (0.21) | −0.18 (0.32) | −0.12 (0.32) | −0.22 ** (0.22) | −0.20 (0.22) |
Part-time employed c | 0.25 (0.25) | 0.26 (0.25) | 0.09 (0.19) | 0.09 (0.19) | 0.05 (0.29) | 0.01 (0.29) | 0.12 (0.20) | 0.11 (0.20) |
Full-time employed c | 0.31 (0.28) | 0.30 (0.28) | 0.44 * (0.21) | 0.44 * (0.21) | 0.23 (0.32) | 0.22 (0.32) | 0.27 (0.22) | 0.26 (0.22) |
Distance between homes | −0.11 (0.10) | −0.09 (0.10) | −0.06 (0.07) | −0.05 (0.07) | −0.05 (0.11) | −0.06 (0.11) | −0.06 (0.08) | −0.05 (0.08) |
Low deprivation d | −0.13 (0.24) | −0.14 (0.24) | −0.16 (0.18) | −0.17 (0.18) | −0.18 (0.28) | −0.19 (0.28) | 0.17 (0.19) | 0.17 (0.19) |
High deprivation d | 0.43 (0.26) | 0.37 (0.26) | 0.24 (0.19) | 0.20 (0.19) | 0.41 (0.29) | 0.37 (0.29) | 0.59 (0.20) | 0.58 ** (0.20) |
Two children e | 0.30 (0.23) | 0.26 (0.23) | 0.33 (0.17) | 0.30 (0.17) | 0.49 (0.26) | 0.51 (0.26) | 0.09 (0.18) | 0.10 (0.18) |
Three and more children e | 0.38 (0.26) | 0.34 (0.26) | 0.37 (0.20) | 0.34 (0.20) | 0.24 (0.30) | 0.20 (0.30) | 0.12 (0.21) | 0.11 (0.21) |
Coparenting problems | 0.20 * (0.08) | 0.08 (0.27) | 0.20 ** (0.06) | 0.24 (0.20) | 0.07 (0.09) | 0.85 ** (0.31) | 0.14 * (0.06) | 0.20 (0.21) |
Sole care/no contact × Coparenting f | −0.22 (0.46) | −0.23 (0.34) | −1.16 * (0.52) | −0.41 (0.36) | ||||
Sole care/occasional contact × Coparenting f | 0.38 (0.30) | 0.11 (0.22) | −0.73 * (0.34) | −0.08 (0.23) | ||||
Sole care/frequent contact × Coparenting f | 0.03 (0.29) | −0.12 (0.21) | −0.88 ** (0.33) | −0.03 (0.23) | ||||
Ajdusted R2 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
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Langmeyer, A.N.; Recksiedler, C.; Entleitner-Phleps, C.; Walper, S. Post-Separation Physical Custody Arrangements in Germany: Examining Sociodemographic Correlates, Parental Coparenting, and Child Adjustment. Soc. Sci. 2022, 11, 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11030114
Langmeyer AN, Recksiedler C, Entleitner-Phleps C, Walper S. Post-Separation Physical Custody Arrangements in Germany: Examining Sociodemographic Correlates, Parental Coparenting, and Child Adjustment. Social Sciences. 2022; 11(3):114. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11030114
Chicago/Turabian StyleLangmeyer, Alexandra N., Claudia Recksiedler, Christine Entleitner-Phleps, and Sabine Walper. 2022. "Post-Separation Physical Custody Arrangements in Germany: Examining Sociodemographic Correlates, Parental Coparenting, and Child Adjustment" Social Sciences 11, no. 3: 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11030114