Proposed Safety Control Structure Model for Building Demolition Projects Based on STAMP Model in South Korea
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Background
2.1. Limitations of Accident Investigation System
2.2. STAMP Model
3. Work Process and Stakeholders of Demolition Work in South Korea
3.1. Demolition Process: Permitting Authority
3.2. Stakeholders According to Demolition Stage
4. Model Development
4.1. Control Model at the Demolition Plan Preparation Stage
4.2. Control Model at the Demolition Plan Review and Building Permitting Stage
4.3. Control Model in the Demolition Work Stage
4.4. Development of Safety Control Model for Building Demolition System
5. Case Study
5.1. Selection of Accident
- -
- Collapse of the first-floor slab owing to excessive load from the overburden caused by the soil inside the building.
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- Excessive watering operations reduced the internal friction angle of the soil, leading to a rapid impact load.
5.2. Accident Analysis Results Using the Developed Model
6. Conclusions
- Licensing agencies decisively influence the overall safety of demolition projects.
- Supervisors’ inspections and corrective actions directly impact on-site safety.
- Missing safety measures and weak enforcement highlight systemic and organizational deficiencies beyond technical issues.
- Strengthening training, qualification standards, and institutional authority for supervisors is essential.
- The proposed STAMP-based model provides a systematic framework to identify unimplemented safety measures and guide future policy improvements.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stage | Stakeholders | |
---|---|---|
Demolition plan preparation | Project owner (building owner), contractor, certified architect, and professional engineer | |
Demolition plan review and building permitting | Project owner, authorizing or permitting agency, Korea Authority of Land & Infrastructure Safety (KALIS), certified architect, and professional engineer | |
Demolition work | Internal organization | Project owner, main contractor, subcontractor, supervisor |
External organization | Authorizing or permitting agency Government
|
Control Action | Explanation | Feedback | Explanation |
---|---|---|---|
Project owner (building owner) | Provide demolition work contract and offer of building design drawings | Contractor | Conduct a preliminary survey of the site and write a work plan |
Project owner | Request preparation of demolition plan | Certified architect, professional engineer | Prepare and submit demolition plan |
Control Action | Explanation | Feedback | Explanation |
---|---|---|---|
Project owner | Request demolition plan review | Certified architect, professional engineer | Review and sign the demolition plan |
Project owner | Submit demolition plan | Authorizing or permitting agency | Review the demolition plan |
Authorizing or permitting agency | Request review of the demolition plan | KALIS | Review the demolition plan |
KALIS | Request deliberation of demolition plan | Building committees | Make decision building permit |
Authorizing or permitting agency | Issue demolition permit | Project owner | Receive demolition permit |
Control Action | Explanation | Feedback | Explanation | |
---|---|---|---|---|
On-site internal organization | Project owner | Demolition work contract and appropriation of funds for occupational safety and health management | Main contractor | Construction completion report |
Main contractor | Subcontract and offer demolition plan | Subcontractor | Construction completion report Follow demolition plan | |
Main contractor | Safety inspection Safety education | Subcontractor | Safety measures | |
Subcontractor | Work order Safety education | Construction site | Report work result | |
Demolition supervisor | Check demolition plan is followed | Construction site | Corrective measures | |
Project owner | Offer site information | Demolition supervisor | Inspection of implementation of demolition plan | |
External organization | Authorizing or permitting agency | Safety inspection | Construction site | Corrective measures |
Authorizing or permitting agency | Appointment of supervisor | Demolition supervisor | Notification of non-compliance | |
Constructor | Submission of hazard prevention plan | KOSHA | Inspection of implementation of hazard prevention plan | |
MOEL | Asbestos inspection | Project owner | Removal of asbestos | |
Project owner | Covenant | Specialized guidance institution for preventing construction industrial accidents | Notification of non-compliance | |
Specialized guidance institution for preventing construction industrial accidents | Demand for safety measure correction | Main contractor | Corrective measures | |
MOIT | Mandatory safety inspection | Authorizing or permitting agency | Report on-site inspection results | |
MOIT | Supervisor’s job training | Demolition supervisor | Completion of education | |
KALIS | Conduct on-site safety inspection | Authorizing or permitting agency | Preparing to conduct on-site safety inspection |
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Jeong, H.-J.; Won, J.-H. Proposed Safety Control Structure Model for Building Demolition Projects Based on STAMP Model in South Korea. Buildings 2025, 15, 3680. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15203680
Jeong H-J, Won J-H. Proposed Safety Control Structure Model for Building Demolition Projects Based on STAMP Model in South Korea. Buildings. 2025; 15(20):3680. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15203680
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeong, Hyeon-Ji, and Jeong-Hun Won. 2025. "Proposed Safety Control Structure Model for Building Demolition Projects Based on STAMP Model in South Korea" Buildings 15, no. 20: 3680. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15203680
APA StyleJeong, H.-J., & Won, J.-H. (2025). Proposed Safety Control Structure Model for Building Demolition Projects Based on STAMP Model in South Korea. Buildings, 15(20), 3680. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15203680