Effect of Coarse Aggregate and Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes on Heat Generation of Concrete
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Heat Generation Test Overview
2.2. Specimen Preparation and Heat Generation Test Procedure
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. MWCNT Concentration
3.2. Coarse Aggregate Mixing Ratio
3.3. W/C Ratio
3.4. Presence or Absence of Superplasticizers
4. Conclusions
- The heating performance of the concrete improved as the MWCNT concentration increased. An increased MWCNT concentration resulted in more MWCNT bridge networks forming within the concrete; these bridge networks served as an electron transport pathway, thereby imparting conductivity to the concrete.
- The heating performance of the concrete improved when the coarse aggregate mixing ratio was decreased. A higher mixing ratio of coarse aggregate reduced the space available for MWCNTs to disperse within the specimen, which caused MWCNT agglomeration and the degradation of MWCNT bridge network formation, resulting in weaker heating performance.
- The heating performance of the concrete improved with an increase in the W/C ratio. A high W/C ratio aided in the even dispersion of MWCNTs within the concrete. As the W/C ratio increased, the phenomenon of MWCNT agglomeration decreased, and the even distribution of CNT particles enhanced the electron mobility, thereby improving the heating performance.
- The heating performance of the concrete improved when a superplasticizer (a typical admixture) was added, as it enhanced the dispersibility of the MWCNT particles. Similar to the results obtained for a high W/C ratio, adding a superplasticizer induced an even distribution of CNT particles and improved the heating performance of the concrete.
- FE-SEM imaging confirmed the formation of MWCNT bridge networks connecting the concrete hydrates. The formed MWCNT bridge network acted as an electron transport path and improved the conductivity of the concrete.
- Another promising area for future work is an analysis of how the density of concrete influences thermal characteristics when modified with nanomaterials. This could involve exploring the applicability of such modifications to different types of concrete, such as cellular concrete, lightweight concrete, or denser concrete. By addressing these aspects, a more comprehensive understanding of the broader implications of nanomaterial modifications on concrete properties can be achieved. Furthermore, additional research is planned to verify the applicability of MWCNT concrete to heat generation by applying it to the field.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Specimen Name | Coarse Aggregate Ratio (%) | MWCNT Content (wt.%) | W/C Ratio (%) | Superplasticizer (wt.%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA60-0.0-50-NSP | 60 | 0.0 | 50 | 0.0 |
CA60-0.25-50-NSP | 60 | 0.25 | 50 | 0.0 |
CA60-0.5-50-NSP | 60 | 0.5 | 50 | 0.0 |
CA60-1.0-50-NSP | 60 | 1.0 | 50 | 0.0 |
CA40-1.0-50-NSP | 40 | 1.0 | 50 | 0.0 |
CA80-1.0-50-NSP | 80 | 1.0 | 50 | 0.0 |
CA60-1.0-55-NSP | 60 | 1.0 | 55 | 0.0 |
CA60-1.0-60-NSP | 60 | 1.0 | 60 | 0.0 |
CA60-1.0-50-SP | 60 | 1.0 | 50 | 1.0 |
Specimen Name | MWCNT | Water | Cement | Fine Aggregate | Coarse Aggregate | Superplasticizer |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CA60-0.0-50-NSP | 0 | 150 | 300 | 300 | 450 | 0 |
CA60-0.25-50-NSP | 0.75 | 150 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 0 |
CA60-0.5-50-NSP | 1.5 | 150 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 0 |
CA60-1.0-50-NSP | 3 | 150 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 0 |
CA40-1.0-50-NSP | 3 | 150 | 300 | 408 | 272 | 0 |
CA80-1.0-50-NSP | 3 | 150 | 300 | 170 | 680 | 0 |
CA60-1.0-55-NSP | 2.85 | 156.75 | 285 | 300 | 450 | 0 |
CA60-1.0-60-NSP | 2.7 | 162 | 270 | 300 | 450 | 0 |
CA60-1.0-50-SP | 3 | 150 | 300 | 300 | 450 | 6 |
Specimen Name | Maximum Temperature Variation (°C) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
10 V | 20 V | 30 V | 60 V | |
CA60-0.0-50-NSP | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
CA60-0.25-50-NSP | 0.4 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 5.1 |
CA60-0.5-50-NSP | 0.9 | 1.7 | 4.3 | 14.2 |
CA60-1.0-50-NSP | 1.6 | 5.3 | 11.8 | 43.8 |
Specimen Name | Maximum Temperature Variation (°C) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
10 V | 20 V | 30 V | 60 V | |
CA40-1.0-50-NSP | 2.1 | 6.4 | 14.6 | 56.1 |
CA60-1.0-50-NSP | 1.6 | 5.3 | 11.8 | 43.8 |
CA80-1.0-50-NSP | 0.8 | 4.1 | 8.3 | 33.7 |
Specimen Name | Maximum Temperature Variation (°C) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
10 V | 20 V | 30 V | 60 V | |
CA60-1.0-50-NSP | 1.6 | 5.3 | 11.8 | 43.8 |
CA60-1.0-55-NSP | 1.7 | 7.7 | 18.4 | 61.3 |
CA60-1.0-60-NSP | 2.0 | 8.7 | 23.3 | 73.6 |
Specimen Name | Maximum Temperature Variation (°C) | ||
---|---|---|---|
10 V | 20 V | 30 V | |
CA60-1.0-50-NSP | 1.6 | 5.3 | 11.8 |
CA60-1.0-50-SP | 5.0 | 16.9 | 48.6 |
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Yun, H.; Kim, D.; Kang, S.; Chung, W. Effect of Coarse Aggregate and Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes on Heat Generation of Concrete. Buildings 2023, 13, 3127. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13123127
Yun H, Kim D, Kang S, Chung W. Effect of Coarse Aggregate and Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes on Heat Generation of Concrete. Buildings. 2023; 13(12):3127. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13123127
Chicago/Turabian StyleYun, Hyojeong, Donghwi Kim, Sunho Kang, and Wonseok Chung. 2023. "Effect of Coarse Aggregate and Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes on Heat Generation of Concrete" Buildings 13, no. 12: 3127. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13123127
APA StyleYun, H., Kim, D., Kang, S., & Chung, W. (2023). Effect of Coarse Aggregate and Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes on Heat Generation of Concrete. Buildings, 13(12), 3127. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13123127