Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Ultra-High Performance Concrete with Lightweight Aggregates
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Program
2.1. Materials
2.2. Specimen Preparation and Mixture Proportion
2.3. Thermal Treatment of the Specimens
2.4. Test Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Flowability of UHPC
3.2. Mass Loss
3.3. Compressive Strength
3.4. Flexural Strength
3.5. Failure Mode of UHPC
3.6. Microstructural Analysis
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The compressive strength of UHPC improves with a low content (5%) of LWA but reduces with a high content (>5%) at ambient temperature. However, with the temperature increased to 200 °C, improved compressive strength can be achieved even with 15% LWA. Increasing the content of LWA resulted in a better retention of the compressive strength as the temperature increased to 200 °C. The replacement of 10% and 15% of silica sand by LWA increased the compressive strength from 100 MPa to 110 MPa and from 72.5 MPa to 95.5 MPa, respectively, after exposure to 200 °C. No change was observed for specimens containing 5% LWA after exposure to 200 °C, while the compressive strength of specimens prepared without LWA decreased from 106 MPa to 101 MPa after exposure to 200 °C;
- (2)
- Flexural strength of UHPC improved with LWA but reduced when exposed to elevated temperatures. The negative influence of incorporating LWA into UHPC mixtures on the flexural strength was higher comparing to its influence on other properties. The replacement of silica sand with 5%, 10%, and 15% of LWA resulted in reducing the flexural strength by 21%, 22%, and 37%, respectively.
- (3)
- Microstructural analysis demonstrated a denser microstructure with fewer microcracks when LWA was incorporated. Effective bonding between the matrix and LWA was observed, which confirms that the LWA is an effective internal curing material for improving the microstructure of UHPC, especially when exposed to elevated temperatures.
- (4)
- The mass loss increased as the content of LWA and temperature increased due to the escape of the evaporated water contained in the specimens. The specimens containing 10% and 15% LWA lost about 4% of their masses after exposure to 200 °C. However, the variation in LWA content and temperatures have an insignificant effect on the mode of failure of UHPC.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chemical Composition (%) | Cement | Silica Fume |
---|---|---|
SiO2 | 22.52 | 94 |
Al2O3 | 5.80 | 0.21 |
Fe2O3 | 3.52 | 0.09 |
SO3 | 2.54 | - |
CaO | 62.08 | 0.12 |
MgO | 1.55 | 0.33 |
Na2O | 0.05 | - |
K2O | 0.56 | 0.38 |
L.O.I | 0.94 | 1.2 |
Diameter (μm) | Length (mm) | Aspect Ratio | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Density (g/cm3) | Elastic Modulus (GPa) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
200 | 19.5 | 97.5 | 2500 | 7.8 | 200 |
Mixture Type | Binder | Water | Aggregates | Superplasticizer | Steel Fiber | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cement | Micro Silica | LWA | Silica Sand | ||||
L0 | 2646 | 650.18 | 617.4 | 0 | 2911.9 | 88.2 | 231.82 |
L5 | 2646 | 650.18 | 617.4 | 145.6 | 2766.13 | 88.2 | 231.82 |
L10 | 2646 | 650.18 | 617.4 | 291.19 | 2620.56 | 88.2 | 231.82 |
L15 | 2646 | 650.18 | 617.4 | 436.75 | 2474.95 | 88.2 | 231.82 |
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Alanazi, H.; Elalaoui, O.; Adamu, M.; Alaswad, S.O.; Ibrahim, Y.E.; Abadel, A.A.; Al Fuhaid, A.F. Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Ultra-High Performance Concrete with Lightweight Aggregates. Buildings 2022, 12, 1783. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111783
Alanazi H, Elalaoui O, Adamu M, Alaswad SO, Ibrahim YE, Abadel AA, Al Fuhaid AF. Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Ultra-High Performance Concrete with Lightweight Aggregates. Buildings. 2022; 12(11):1783. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111783
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlanazi, Hani, Oussama Elalaoui, Musa Adamu, Saleh O. Alaswad, Yasser E. Ibrahim, Aref A. Abadel, and Abdulrahman Fahad Al Fuhaid. 2022. "Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Ultra-High Performance Concrete with Lightweight Aggregates" Buildings 12, no. 11: 1783. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111783
APA StyleAlanazi, H., Elalaoui, O., Adamu, M., Alaswad, S. O., Ibrahim, Y. E., Abadel, A. A., & Al Fuhaid, A. F. (2022). Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Ultra-High Performance Concrete with Lightweight Aggregates. Buildings, 12(11), 1783. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111783