Effect of Nonmetallic Inclusions on Fatigue Properties of Superelastic Ti-Ni Fine Wire
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Methods
2.1. Fabrication of Ti-Ni Alloy Fine Wire Samples Containing Different Nonmetallic Inclusion Phases
2.2. Identification and Particle Analysis of Nonmetallic Inclusions
2.3. Tensile Testing
2.4. Rotating Bending Fatigue Testing
2.5. Measurement of Nonmetallic Inclusions and Surrounding Defects
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Nonmetallic Inclusion Phases and Particle Size Distribution in Each Sample
3.2. Effect of Types and Length of Nonmetallic Inclusion Phases on Fatigue Strength
3.3. Relationship between PVAs and Fatigue Strength
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- Nonmetallic inclusions in fine wire as the final product shape can be controlled to single-phase Ti(C,O), single-phase Ti4Ni2Ox, or a mixture of both phases by adjusting the concentrations of carbon and oxygen during dissolution.
- (2)
- Ti-Ni alloy fine wire samples containing nonmetallic inclusions of only single-phase Ti(C,O) exhibited higher fatigue strength than the samples containing single-phase Ti4Ni2Ox or mixed phases.
- (3)
- The fatigue strength of Ti-Ni alloy depended on the number of nonmetallic inclusions of a length of ≥2 μm.
- (4)
- Among the crack origins of fatigue fractures, many were observed to have originated from nonmetallic inclusions with the PVA morphology from the pairs of fatigue fracture surfaces.
- (5)
- When each of the samples before fatigue testing was observed, there was a tendency for ratios of the PVA morphology to be higher in the Ti4Ni2Ox phase than in the Ti(C,O) phase.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Notation | C | O | N | C/O | Af, °C |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C30O100 | 0.0033 | 0.0118 | 0.0007 | 0.28 | 32.1 |
C100O100 | 0.0108 | 0.0108 | 0.0009 | 1.00 | 31.9 |
C200O100 | 0.0189 | 0.0116 | 0.0013 | 1.63 | 29.5 |
C200O400 | 0.0212 | 0.0399 | 0.0010 | 0.53 | 32.8 |
C300O300 | 0.0297 | 0.0249 | 0.0010 | 1.19 | 28.5 |
C400O200 | 0.0391 | 0.0187 | 0.0016 | 2.09 | 29.2 |
Ti-Ni Wire | Young’s Modulus, GPa |
---|---|
C30O100 | 48.27 |
C100O100 | 49.35 |
C200O100 | 47.31 |
C200O400 | 52.30 |
C300O300 | 50.38 |
C400O200 | 47.05 |
Element | Content (at.%) |
---|---|
Ti | 52.42 |
Ni | 27.15 |
O | 16.28 |
C | 4.15 |
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Yamashita, F.; Ide, Y.; Kato, S.; Ueda, K.; Narushima, T.; Kise, S.; Ishikawa, K.; Nishida, M. Effect of Nonmetallic Inclusions on Fatigue Properties of Superelastic Ti-Ni Fine Wire. Metals 2019, 9, 999. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9090999
Yamashita F, Ide Y, Kato S, Ueda K, Narushima T, Kise S, Ishikawa K, Nishida M. Effect of Nonmetallic Inclusions on Fatigue Properties of Superelastic Ti-Ni Fine Wire. Metals. 2019; 9(9):999. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9090999
Chicago/Turabian StyleYamashita, Fumiyoshi, Yasunori Ide, Suguru Kato, Kyosuke Ueda, Takayuki Narushima, Sumio Kise, Kouji Ishikawa, and Minoru Nishida. 2019. "Effect of Nonmetallic Inclusions on Fatigue Properties of Superelastic Ti-Ni Fine Wire" Metals 9, no. 9: 999. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9090999