Effect of Cooling Rate on AlN Precipitation in FeCrAl Stainless Steel During Solidification
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Morphology of AlN Particles
3.2. Number and Size Distribution of AlN Particles
3.3. Precipitation of AlN
4. Conclusions
- During solidification, AlN precipitates within the mushy zone. The size of AlN particles decreases and the number of AlN particles increases with increasing cooling rate, although the volume fraction is relatively unaffected.
- The particle sizes predicted with the aid of a diffusion-controlled growth model correlate well with the size of AlN particles observed in samples obtained from the unidirectional solidification experiments.
- The model results also confirm that AlN particles in the FeCrAl alloy grow during solidification when the solute content in the liquid exceeds the concentration in equilibrium with AlN.
- The calculated results show that after AlN begins to precipitate, the nitrogen content in the molten alloy varies significantly with the cooling rate.
- Higher cooling rates result in shorter growth times and consequently AlN particles of smaller size.
- Smaller AlN particles can also be achieved by reducing the nitrogen content in the molten alloy.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chemical Component | C | Si | Mn | Cr | P | S | N | O | Al | Fe + Other |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
wt.% | 0.022 | 0.13 | 0.20 | 19.90 | 0.0058 | 0.0045 | 0.0088 | 0.0020 | 4.07 | balance |
0.043 | −0.001 | 0.0122 | 0 | 0.033 | 0 | 0.017 | 0 | −0.06 | 0.0007 | 0 | 0 |
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Deng, Z.; He, Y.; Liu, J.; Yan, B.; Yang, Y.; McLean, A. Effect of Cooling Rate on AlN Precipitation in FeCrAl Stainless Steel During Solidification. Metals 2019, 9, 1091. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9101091
Deng Z, He Y, Liu J, Yan B, Yang Y, McLean A. Effect of Cooling Rate on AlN Precipitation in FeCrAl Stainless Steel During Solidification. Metals. 2019; 9(10):1091. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9101091
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeng, Zhenqiang, Yang He, Jianhua Liu, Baijun Yan, Yindong Yang, and Alexander McLean. 2019. "Effect of Cooling Rate on AlN Precipitation in FeCrAl Stainless Steel During Solidification" Metals 9, no. 10: 1091. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9101091