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10.3390/met15050473
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Article

Study of the Surface Structural Transformation and Mechanical Properties of 65Mn Steel Modified by Pulsed Detonation–Plasma Technology

by
Youxing He
1,
Mingming Zhang
2,†,
Xuebing Yang
1,
Wenfu Chen
1 and
Lei Lu
1,*
1
Institute of Applied Physics, Jiangxi Academy of Science, Nanchang 330096, China
2
School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Current address: Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Company, Ltd., Shanghai 330063, China.
Metals 2025, 15(5), 473; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15050473
Submission received: 10 March 2025 / Revised: 27 March 2025 / Accepted: 18 April 2025 / Published: 22 April 2025
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Abstract

Pulsed detonation–plasma technology (PDT) is a surface-modification technology used in an atmospheric environment, where plasma, a detonation impact and thermal conditions are combined and have an effect on the material’s surface. In this study, annealed 65Mn steel was selected to further study the principle of PDT modification. The results show that the modified layer with fine grains was divided into an infiltration layer with a large amount of non-uniformly distributed granular CW3 carbides and a heat-affected layer below the infiltration layer after PDT treatment. However, a higher amount of acicular martensite and a lower amount of austenite was achieved in the modified layer, containing a large number of small-angle grain boundaries, dislocations, and twin grains. After the PDT treatment, the hardness of the modified layer, heat-affected layer, and substrate was 980 HV, 856.2 HV, and 250 HV, respectively. The mass loss of the sample before and after PDT treatment was 21.1 mg and 12.4 mg, respectively. The hardness and wear resistance of the modified layer were greatly improved compared with the substrate because of the combined effect of the solid-phase transformation, element infiltration, and distortion.
Keywords: pulsed detonation–plasma technology; element infiltration; structural transformation; hardness; wear resistance pulsed detonation–plasma technology; element infiltration; structural transformation; hardness; wear resistance

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MDPI and ACS Style

He, Y.; Zhang, M.; Yang, X.; Chen, W.; Lu, L. Study of the Surface Structural Transformation and Mechanical Properties of 65Mn Steel Modified by Pulsed Detonation–Plasma Technology. Metals 2025, 15, 473. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15050473

AMA Style

He Y, Zhang M, Yang X, Chen W, Lu L. Study of the Surface Structural Transformation and Mechanical Properties of 65Mn Steel Modified by Pulsed Detonation–Plasma Technology. Metals. 2025; 15(5):473. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15050473

Chicago/Turabian Style

He, Youxing, Mingming Zhang, Xuebing Yang, Wenfu Chen, and Lei Lu. 2025. "Study of the Surface Structural Transformation and Mechanical Properties of 65Mn Steel Modified by Pulsed Detonation–Plasma Technology" Metals 15, no. 5: 473. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15050473

APA Style

He, Y., Zhang, M., Yang, X., Chen, W., & Lu, L. (2025). Study of the Surface Structural Transformation and Mechanical Properties of 65Mn Steel Modified by Pulsed Detonation–Plasma Technology. Metals, 15(5), 473. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15050473

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