Leaching of Pure Chalcocite in a Chloride Media Using Waste Water at High Temperature
by
Kevin Pérez 1, Ricardo I. Jeldres 2
, Steven Nieto 2, Eleazar Salinas-Rodríguez 3, Pedro Robles 4, Víctor Quezada 5, Juan Hernández-Ávila 3 and Norman Toro 5,6,*
Kevin Pérez 1, Ricardo I. Jeldres 2, Steven Nieto 2, Eleazar Salinas-Rodríguez 3, Pedro Robles 4, Víctor Quezada 5, Juan Hernández-Ávila 3 and Norman Toro 5,6,*
1
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Arturo Prat, Almirante Juan José Latorre 2901, Antofagasta 1244260, Chile
2
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Procesos de Minerales, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
3
Área Académica de Ciencias de la Tierra y Materiales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca—Tulancingo km. 4.5, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo C.P. 42184, Mexico
4
Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
5
Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Minas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile
6
Department of Mining, Geological and Cartographic Department, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Murcia, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Metals 2020, 10(3), 384; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10030384
Received: 10 February 2020 / Revised: 4 March 2020 / Accepted: 12 March 2020 / Published: 17 March 2020
Studying the dissolution of chalcocite allows to understand the behavior of the most abundant secondary sulfide ore in copper deposits, while digenite (Cu1.8S) and other intermediate sulfides (Cu2−xS) are often associated with chalcocite. The most common mechanism of dissolution is by two stages, and chloride ions benefit the kinetics of dissolution. In this study, a pure chalcocite mineral (99.9% according to XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) analysis) is leached in chloride media using NaCl and wastewater as the sources of chloride. Magnetic leaching tests are performed at 65, 75, and 95 °C, using a particle size between −150 and + 106 μm. Chloride concentration and leaching time are the main variables. A substantial dissolution of chalcocite was obtained with 0.5 M H2SO4, 100 g/L of chloride and a leaching time of 3 h. The apparent activation energy (Ea) derived from the slopes of the Arrhenius plots was 36 kJ/mol. The XRD analysis proves the presence of elemental sulfur (S0) as the main component in the leaching residue. No significant differences in copper extraction were detected when using 100 g/L of chloride ion or wastewater (39 g/L).
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Keywords:
sulfide leaching; desalination water; reusing water; waste water
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MDPI and ACS Style
Pérez, K.; I. Jeldres, R.; Nieto, S.; Salinas-Rodríguez, E.; Robles, P.; Quezada, V.; Hernández-Ávila, J.; Toro, N. Leaching of Pure Chalcocite in a Chloride Media Using Waste Water at High Temperature. Metals 2020, 10, 384.
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